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Association of hyperglycaemia and periodontitis: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis

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Abstract

Purpose

The aim of this updated systematic review and meta-analysis was the association between hyperglycemia and periodontitis.

Methods

We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Scopus until March 2021. The key search words were based on "periodontitis" and "hyperglycemia." We included cohort, case–control, and cross-sectional studies, restricted to publications in English. The quality assessment of included studies and data extraction were done by two independent reviewers. Meta-analysis was performed for cross-sectional studies using the random-effects model.

Results

The literature search yielded 340 studies, and finally, 19 and 11 studies were included in systematic review and meta-analysis, respectively. The total sample size of the eligible studies in the meta-analysis was 38,896 participants, of whom 33% were male with a mean age of 51.20 ± 14.0 years. According to a random-effect meta-analysis in cross-sectional studies, the pooled odds ratio (OR) for the association between hyperglycemia and periodontal indices was statistically significant (OR: 1.50, 95%CI: 1.11, 1.90). There was evidence of publication bias (coefficient: − 3.53, p-value = 0.014) which, after imputing missing studies, the pooled OR of the association between hyperglycemia and periodontitis change to 1.55 (95%CI: 1.20, 1.90).

Conclusion

Results of the present study show that hyperglycemia was positively associated with periodontitis. However, more cohort and prospective longitudinal studies should be conducted to find the exact association. Overall, it seems the management of hyperglycemia could be considered as a preventive strategy for periodontitis.

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Acknowledgements

Research reported in this publication was supported by Elite Researcher Grant Committee under award number [971188] from the National Institute for Medical Research Development (NIMAD), Tehran, Iran.

Funding

Not applicable.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Student Research Committee, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran

    Ahmadreza Mirzaei

  2. Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran

    Ehsan Shahrestanaki, Elnaz Daneshzad & Mostafa Qorbani

  3. Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Ehsan Shahrestanaki

  4. Songhor Healthcare Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran

    Javad Heshmati

  5. Development of Research & Technology Center, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran

    Shirin Djalalinia

  6. Department of Medical Emergencies, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran

    Hamid Asayesh

  7. Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Armita Mahdavi-Gorabi & Ramin Heshmat

  8. Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Mostafa Qorbani

Authors
  1. Ahmadreza Mirzaei
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  8. Ramin Heshmat
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Contributions

AM: contributed to the conception, design, interpretation, did a search strategy, analyzed data, drafted the manuscript, and critically revised the manuscript; SD: contributed to the conception, investigated quality assessment of studies, and drafted the manuscript. ES: contributed to the conception, extracted, and extracted and analyzed data; ED: contributed to the conception, assessed the studies, and critically revised the manuscript; JH: contributed to the conception, assessed the studies, investigated quality assessment; AM-G: contributed to the conception, assessed the studies, and investigated quality assessment; RH, contributed to the conception, assessed the studies, drafted the manuscript, and critically revised the manuscript; MQ, contributed to conception, design, interpretation, assessed and investigated studies, extracted data, drafted the manuscript critically, and revised the manuscript.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Ramin Heshmat or Mostafa Qorbani.

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Ethical approval

The protocol study and the proposal approved by the ethical committee of Alborz University of Medical Sciences. All of the included studies would be cited in all reports and all future publications.

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Mirzaei, A., Shahrestanaki, E., Daneshzad, E. et al. Association of hyperglycaemia and periodontitis: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. J Diabetes Metab Disord 20, 1327–1336 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40200-021-00861-9

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