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Diagnostic nomogram to differentiate between epididymal tuberculosis and bacterial epididymitis

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Abstract

Purpose

We developed and validated a diagnostic nomogram for differentiating epididymal tuberculosis (TB) from bacterial epididymitis.

Methods

In this retrospective study, we developed a prediction model based on demographics and clinical characteristics. Eligible patients were randomly divided into derivation and validation cohorts (ratio 7:3). Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were used to filter variables and select predictors. Multivariate logistic regression was used to construct the nomogram. Concordance index (C-index), calibration plots, and decision curves analysis (DCA) were used to assess the discrimination, calibration, and clinical usefulness of the nomogram.

Results

We included 147 patients (epididymal TB, 93; bacterial epididymitis, 54). The derivation cohort included 66 patients with epididymal TB and 38 with bacterial epididymitis; the validation cohort included 27 patients with epididymal TB and 16 with bacterial epididymitis. One regression model was built from three differential variables: body mass index, purified protein derivative, and chronic infection. Accordingly, one nomogram was developed. The model had good discrimination and calibration. C-indexes of the derivation and validation cohorts were 0.89 and 0.98 (95% confidence intervals, 0.83–0.95 and 0.94–1.01), respectively. DCA showed that the proposed nomogram was useful for differentiation.

Conclusion

The nomogram can differentiate between epididymal TB and bacterial epididymitis.

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Funding

No funding was received for this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Urology, Affiliated Hangzhou Chest Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 208 East Huancheng Road, Hangzhou, China

    Pengju Liu, Guofeng Cai, Hai Gu & Yong Qin

Authors
  1. Pengju Liu
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  2. Guofeng Cai
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  3. Hai Gu
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  4. Yong Qin
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Contributions

PL and YQ initiated and designed the study. PL, GC, and HG analyzed the data. PL was responsible for writing the manuscript. All authors were involved in the discussion of the results. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yong Qin.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Ethical approval

This study was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of Affiliated Hangzhou Chest Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine.

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Liu, P., Cai, G., Gu, H. et al. Diagnostic nomogram to differentiate between epididymal tuberculosis and bacterial epididymitis. Infection 51, 447–454 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s15010-022-01916-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s15010-022-01916-6

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