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Exploring seashell and rice husk waste for lightweight hybrid biocomposites: synthesis, microstructure, and mechanical performance

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Abstract

Hybrid composites are made by fusing together, typically using resin, a matrix material (typically metal), a fiber, and a filler component. Fibers and particles are encased in a matrix of another material to create modern composites. Natural fiber composites are becoming increasingly popular due to rising awareness of their many practical applications. The debris produced by the seashell farming becomes serious environmental threat. Recent research has centered on the potential applications of this seashell waste. The purpose is to reduce seashell waste that pollutes the coast near Kanyakumari. Agricultural waste, such rice husk, is more accessible than other types of biomass. Conventional materials are weighed more, so lightweight materials can be used as alternatives for the structural components of an automobile. This swatch is made from combination of biocomposite and repurposed seashells. Mechanical tests, including tensile, flexural, impact, and hardness testing, were performed on the prepared samples. The morphological analysis shows good laminar and interfacial connections throughout the structure. The EDAX spectrum shows the presence of elements like silicon, sulfur, and zinc. The EDAX spectrum of C5 hybrid biocomposites (40% rice husk + 10% seashell + 50% polyester resin) has more zinc than silicon. The C2 (10% rice husk + 40% seashell + 50% polyester resin) hybrid composite outperforms other composites in tensile strength (51.47 MPa), Brinell hardness (132BHN), Rockwell hardness (62RHN), impact energy (51.4 J), flexural strength (203.03Mpa), and water absorption (1%). Based on research investigations, hybrid biocomposites made of bio seashell and bio rice husk are superior than standard biocomposites without sacrificing the eco-friendliness of the automobile.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, DMI College of Engineering, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

    A. Amala Mithin Minther Singh & N. Azhagesan

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College of Engineering, Nagercoil, India

    P. Arul Franco

  3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Panimalar Engineering College, Chennai, India

    V. Sharun

Authors
  1. A. Amala Mithin Minther Singh
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  2. P. Arul Franco
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  3. N. Azhagesan
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  4. V. Sharun
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Contributions

Amala Mithin Minther Singh A: conceptualization (lead); fabrication (lead); testing (equal); Arul Franco P: formal analysis (equal); testing (equal); validation (lead); writing—review and editing (equal). Azhagesan N: testing (equal); investigation (supporting); writing—original draft of manuscript (equal). Sharun V: testing (equal); supervision (equal); writing—review and editing (equal).

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Correspondence to A. Amala Mithin Minther Singh.

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Singh, A.A.M.M., Franco, P.A., Azhagesan, N. et al. Exploring seashell and rice husk waste for lightweight hybrid biocomposites: synthesis, microstructure, and mechanical performance. Biomass Conv. Bioref. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-023-04846-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-023-04846-x

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