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Selective depolymerization of lignin into phenolic products over NixZn1 − x/ZrO2-MgO

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Abstract

The achievement of valuable utilization of lignin will greatly alleviate the energy crisis. In this study, a series of supported bimetallic catalysts (NixZn1−x/ZrO2-MgO) were prepared and their physicochemical properties were investigated by means of SEM, XRD, XPS, BET, NH3-TPD, and H2-TPR analysis. This paper explored the effects of different Ni/Zn ratios, reaction temperatures (180 ~ 240 °C), and reaction time (2, 4, 6, and 8 h) on alkali lignin catalytic hydrogenolysis. The results showed that the highest bio-oil yield gained was 65.22 wt% under the conditions of Ni0.75Zn0.25/ZrO2-MgO catalyst at 240 °C for 6 h. The component of lignin-derived bio-oils was also analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively by GC/MS and GC/FID, respectively. It was demonstrated that the synergistic effect between Ni and Zn species contributed to the prepared catalyst having a high activity and good selectivities for phenolic compounds with a yield of 13.22 wt%. In addition, formic acid was the primary hydrogen donor in the system and isopropanol was the reaction medium as well as the secondary hydrogen donor, which facilitated the reduction of external H2 supply requirements. The catalytic stability was finally tested, and results indicated that Ni0.75Zn0.25/ZrO2-MgO still retained good catalytic performance after five cycles. By optimizing the reaction conditions and proposing the possible depolymerization route, this paper will provide an experimental basis for lignin catalytic hydrogenolysis and reliable reference for valorizing industrial lignin to value-added chemicals based on non-noble metal catalysts.

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Funding

This research was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21774059).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China

    Yu Qin, Dandan Wang, Jiajia Chen, Pengcheng Xiu, Xinyu Lu & Xiaoli Gu

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  1. Yu Qin
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  2. Dandan Wang
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  3. Jiajia Chen
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Contributions

Conceptualization, Y.Q., D.W.; methodology, X.L.; software, P.X.; validation, Y.Q., J.C., and D.W.; formal analysis, X.G.; investigation, X.G.; resources, X.G.; data curation, D.W.; writing—original draft preparation, Y.Q.; writing—review and editing, X.G.; visualization, X.L.; supervision, X.G.; project administration, X.G.; funding acquisition, X.G. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Xinyu Lu or Xiaoli Gu.

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Highlights

A bimetallic catalyst based on non-noble metals was developed to catalyze the depolymerization of alkaline lignin.

The introduction of Ni and Zn elements effectively improved catalytic activity and selectivity.

High yields of bio-oils (65.22 wt%) and phenolic compounds (13.22 wt%) were obtained.

Good catalytic activities were still performed after 5 recycles.

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Qin, Y., Wang, D., Chen, J. et al. Selective depolymerization of lignin into phenolic products over NixZn1 − x/ZrO2-MgO. Biomass Conv. Bioref. (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-022-03254-x

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