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Anthropogenic contaminants in freshwater from the northern Antarctic Peninsula region

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Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the presence of ultraviolet filters (UV-Fs), benzotriazoles, pyrethroids and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in freshwater and wastewater from the northern Antarctic Peninsula region. All water samples analyzed contained UV-Fs residues and high concentrations were detected in anthropogenic impacted sites (< LOD up to 1300 ng/L). Likewise, benzotriazoles were detected in all water samples (< LOQ–920 ng/L). Regarding suspended particulate matter, almost all UV-Fs and all benzotriazoles were measured at concentrations ranging from < LOQ to 33 µg/g dry weight. Pyrethroids were also detected (< LOQ–250 ng/L) and their presence implies the existence of a gateway to the Antarctica Peninsula from other regions. The data confirmed the presence of PFASs (< LOD–7500 ng/L) in this area, in agreement with previous studies. In light of these results, extended monitoring in Antarctica should be carried out to perform a reliable environmental risk assessment leading to propose recommendations to minimize the anthropic impact.

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by projects CTM2011-26372, CTM2013-57119, and CTM2014-57119-R of the Spanish National R+D Plan, and PICTO 2005N36155 of the Secretariat for Science and Technology and the Argentine Antarctic Institute. This study also received funding from the Generalitat de Catalunya (Consolidated Research Group “2017 SGR 01404—Water and Soil Quality Unit”) and from the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program for research, technological development, and demonstration under Grant Agreement No. 603437. This research is part of POLARCSIC activities. It reflects only the authors’ views. The Community is not liable for any use that may be made of the information contained therein. The authors would like to thank the logistical support provided by the Spanish, Argentinean, and Chilean Antarctic programs for conducting the fieldwork. The reviewers and editor are also acknowledged for their contribution to improve the article.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Grupo de Investigación y Docencia en Toxicología Ambiental y Evaluación de Riesgos (TAyER), Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Avda Tulipán sn. Móstoles, Madrid, Spain

    Noelia Domínguez-Morueco & Yolanda Valcárcel

  2. Instituto Geológico y Minero de España (IGME), C/Ríos Rosas 23, 28003, Madrid, Spain

    Luis Moreno-Merino & Juan José Durán Valsero

  3. Water, Environmental and Food Chemistry Unit (ENFOCHEM), Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), C/Jordi Girona, 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Spain

    Daniel Molins-Delgado, M. Silvia Díaz-Cruz, Òscar Aznar-Alemany, Ethel Eljarrat, Marinella Farré & Miren López de Alda

  4. Departamento de Geología y Geoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain

    Jerónimo López-Martínez

  5. Instituto Nacional de Agua, Empalme J. Newbery km 1, 620, Ezeiza, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Adrián Silva

  6. Department of Preventive Medicine, Public Health, Immunology and Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Rey Juan Carlos University, Avda. Atenas s/n, 28922, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain

    Noelia Domínguez-Morueco & Yolanda Valcárcel

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  1. Noelia Domínguez-Morueco
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  2. Luis Moreno-Merino
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  3. Daniel Molins-Delgado
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  4. M. Silvia Díaz-Cruz
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  5. Òscar Aznar-Alemany
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  12. Yolanda Valcárcel
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Contributions

The present study has been designed by L. Moreno-Merino and Y. Valcarcel, who have also directed and coordinated the writing of the article. L. Moreno-Merino, J. López-Martínez, J.J. Durán Valsero, and A. Silva have carried out the fieldwork and samples collection. Regarding compounds, M.S. Díaz-Cruz is the researcher responsible for the analysis and writing of the UV filters part of the work and D. Molins-Delgado performed the analyses. E. Eljarrat is the researcher responsible for the pyrethroid insecticide part of the study, being Ò. Aznar-Alemany the person that performed the analyses. M. Farré has analyzed the perfluoalkyl substances and M. López de Alda has coordinated the different analytical groups. The article was written by L. Moreno-Merino (Antarctica section), M.S. Díaz-Cruz (UV filters section), E. Eljarrat (pyrethroids section), M. Farré (perfluoroalkyl substances section) with the collaboration and supervision of N. Domínguez-Morueco. Finally, all the authors have contributed to parts of the texts and to the article review.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Noelia Domínguez-Morueco or Yolanda Valcárcel.

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Domínguez-Morueco, N., Moreno-Merino, L., Molins-Delgado, D. et al. Anthropogenic contaminants in freshwater from the northern Antarctic Peninsula region. Ambio 50, 544–559 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-020-01404-x

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