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Phylogenomic analysis with improved taxon sampling corroborates an Alydidae + Hydarinae + Pseudophloeinae clade (Heteroptera: Coreoidea: Alydidae, Coreidae)

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Abstract

Recent phylogenomic analyses within the insect superfamily Coreoidea (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) have begun to challenge previous phylogenetic hypotheses of the Coreidae and Alydidae based on more traditional cladistic and non-cladistic studies. Phylogenomic studies have found the coreid subfamilies Hydarinae and Pseudophloeinae to be more closely related to a potentially paraphyletic Alydidae (an “AHP” clade) in contrast with traditional cladistic studies. However, taxon sampling within these higher-level groups has remained sparse in current phylogenetic analyses, and the taxonomic positions and monophyly of some of these taxa continue to be unclear. Here, we expand upon previous phylogenomic studies using ultraconserved element loci by increasing taxon sampling within the AHP clade. Using concatenation and summary coalescent approaches, we specifically tested previous support for an AHP clade, the paraphyly of Alydidae, the phylogenetic position of Hydarinae, and the monophyly of the two tribes of Pseudophloeinae. Our results robustly support an AHP clade and resolved the position of Hydarinae as the sister group to a clade consisting of a paraphyletic Alydidae and Pseudophloeinae, regardless of analytical method and locus/gene tree filtering strategies we employed. We also found support for the monophyly of the pseudophloeine tribes Clavigrallini and Pseudophloeini, but generic relationships within each of these tribes varied across analyses. We discuss past non-cladistic morphological studies that have suggested the potential for an AHP clade in light of our results, and we highlight further systematic work needed to discern the AHP clade as a morphologically diagnosable group for future re-classification of the Alydidae and Coreidae.

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Data availability

Sequence read files of newly generated data are available on NCBI’s Sequence Read Archive under BioProject PRJNA774038. Alignments, gene trees, and concatenation and species trees are available from FigShare under the project titled “Phylogenomic analysis with improved taxon sampling corroborates an Alydidae + Hydarinae + Pseudophloeinae clade (Heteroptera: Coreoidea: Alydidae, Coreidae).”

Code availability

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Acknowledgements

Christiane Weirauch, Paul Masonick, Joe Eger, Petr Kment, Marcos Roca-Cusachs, Vasily Grebennikov, Field Museum of Natural History, Florida State Collection of Arthropods, and California Academy of Sciences contributed specimens. Bob McCleery, Cebisile N. Magagula, and the Savannah Research Center facilitated specimen collection in eSwatini. South African specimens were acquired under Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife permit #OP 172/2018 and the iSimangaliso Wetland Park Authority (World Heritage Site). Additional samples were collected with funding by University of Florida Research Abroad for Doctoral Students, Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum fellowship, and National Science Foundation (NSF) OISE‐1614015 to Zach Emberts (Australia permit #01‐000204‐1; Singapore permit #NP/RP17‐012); the Society of the Study of Evolution Rosemary Grant; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Short Term Fellowship; and Systematics, Evolution, and Biodiversity Endowment Award (Entomological Society of America) to Ummat Somjee; and NSF DEB-0542864 to Michael Sharkey and Brian Brown. Caroline Miller prepared habitus images. Nathan Friedman, Caroline Miller, and Min Zhao assisted with Molecular Benchwork.

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This study was funded by the National Science Foundation IOS‐1553100 (awarded to C.W. Miller).

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  1. Plant Pest Diagnostics Branch, California Department of Food and Agriculture, California State Collection of Arthropods, Sacramento, CA, 95832, USA

    Michael Forthman

  2. Entomology & Nematology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA

    Michael Forthman & Christine W. Miller

  3. Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA

    Rebecca T. Kimball

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13127_2022_548_MOESM1_ESM.pdf

Supplementary file1 Supplementary figures of maximum likelihood best trees (Figs. S1–S7) and ASTRAL-III species trees (Figs. S8–S15) estimated from various datasets used in this study. (PDF 3904 KB)

Supplementary file2 Table S1 Taxon sampling and summary information of molecular protocols. (XLSX 16 KB)

Supplementary file3 Table S2 Summary of sequence data for newly sampled taxa in this study. (XLSX 23 KB)

13127_2022_548_MOESM4_ESM.xlsx

Supplementary file4 Table S3 Summary of parsimony-informative sites and number of UCE loci in each concatenated dataset. (XLSX 12 KB)

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Supplementary file5 Table S4 Summary of parsimony-informative sites and number of UCE loci in each dataset used for summary coalescent analyses. (XLSX 13 KB)

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Forthman, M., Miller, C.W. & Kimball, R.T. Phylogenomic analysis with improved taxon sampling corroborates an Alydidae + Hydarinae + Pseudophloeinae clade (Heteroptera: Coreoidea: Alydidae, Coreidae). Org Divers Evol 22, 669–679 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13127-022-00548-w

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