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Corylus avellana L. Husks an Underutilized Waste but a Valuable Source of Polyphenols

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Abstract

Bioactive potential of hazelnut husks was determined as a function of their cultivar source and extraction solvent. Hazelnut husks from four hazelnut cultivars (Butler, Grada de Viseu, Lansing and Morell) were picked in a hazelnut orchard at harvest and extracted with five solvents with different polarity: water, methanol, acetone, ethyl acetate and hexane. Phenolics were identified by HPLC–DAD and antioxidant activity was determined by three complementary methods: DPPH, FRAP and inhibition of lipid peroxidation. A total of 11 phenolics were identified in studied cultivars and grouped in five main classes namely, ellagitannin (ellagic acid), benzoic acids (gallic acid, protocatechuic acid and vanillic acid), flavonols (kaempferol-3,7-O-diglucoside, kaempferol-3-O-[6-acetylglucoside]-7-O-glucoside, kaempferol-3-O-[6acetylglucoside]-7-O-rhamnoside and quercetin-3-O-rutinoside), flavone (luteolin-7-O-rutinoside) and flavan-3-ol (epicatechin). Cultivar and extraction solvent influenced significantly (p < 0.001) the extraction yield. ‘Grada de Viseu’ husks presented the highest content of individual phenolics identified, particularly in methanol extracts whilst ‘Lansing’ showed the lowest levels. Similar pattern was found for antioxidant activities. Methanolic husk extracts exhibited the greatest antioxidant potentials followed by water and acetone. The valorization of hazelnuts by-products gives an important contribution for the isolation and purification of bioactive molecules that can be used for both medicinal and industrial purposes.

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Acknowledgements

The author Sandra Cabo acknowledges the financial support by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) (PB/BD/113615/2015) under the Doctoral Programme “Agricultural Production Chains—from fork to farm” (PD/00122/2012). The authors also acknowledge the financial support provided by National Funds from FCT, under the project UID/AGR/04033/2019. The authors acknowledge the financial support of INTERACT project “Integrative Research in Environment, Agro-Chains and Technology”, no. NORTE‐01‐0145‐FEDER‐000017, in its line of research entitled ISAC, co‐financed by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through NORTE 2020 (North Regional Operational Program 2014/2020) and Project IBERPHENOL, Project Number 0377_IBERPHENOL_6_E, co-financed by European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through POCTEP 2014-2020.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, CITAB, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, UTAD, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal

    Sandra Cabo, Alfredo Aires, Ana Paula Silva & Berta Gonçalves

  2. Department of Agronomy, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, UTAD, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal

    Rosa Carvalho

  3. Department of Plant Production, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022, Valencia, Spain

    Núria Pascual-Seva

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  1. Sandra Cabo
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Correspondence to Sandra Cabo.

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Cabo, S., Aires, A., Carvalho, R. et al. Corylus avellana L. Husks an Underutilized Waste but a Valuable Source of Polyphenols. Waste Biomass Valor 12, 3629–3644 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-020-01246-4

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