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Self-supporting and hierarchically porous NixFe—S/NiFe2O4 heterostructure as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for fluctuating overall water splitting

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Abstract

Stable non-noble metal bifunctional electrocatalysts are one of the challenges to the fluctuating overall water splitting driven by renewable energy. Herein, a novel self-supporting hierarchically porous NixFe—S/NiFe2O4 heterostructure as bifunctional electrocatalyst was constructed based on porous Ni—Fe electrodeposition on three-dimensional (3D) carbon fiber cloth, in situ oxidation, and chemical sulfuration. Results showed that the NixFe—S/NiFe2O4 heterostructure with a large specific surface area exhibits good bifunctional activity and stability for both hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) because of the abundance of active sites, synergistic effect of the heterostructure, superhydrophilic surface, and stable, self-supporting structure. The results further confirmed that the NixFe—S phase in the heterostructure is transformed into metal oxides/hydroxides and Ni3S2 during OER. Compared with the commercial 20wt% Pt/C∥IrO2—Ta2O5 electrolyzer, the self-supporting Ni1/5Fe—S/NiFe2O4∥Ni1/2Fe—S/NiFe2O4 electrolyzer exhibits better stability and lower cell voltage in the fluctuating current density range of 10–500 mA/cm2. Particularly, the cell voltage of Ni1/5Fe—S/NiFe2O4∥Ni1/2Fe—S/NiFe2O4 is only approximately 3.91 V at an industrial current density of 500 mA/cm2, which is lower than that of the 20wt% Pt/C∥IrO2—Ta2O5 electrolyzer (i.e., approximately 4.79 V). This work provides a promising strategy to develop excellent bifunctional electrocatalysts for fluctuating overall water splitting.

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Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51874020 and 52004022).

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  1. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China

    Wenjing Yan, Jintao Zhang, Aijing Lü, Songle Lu, Yiwei Zhong & Mingyong Wang

  2. Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Recovery and Extraction of Rare and Precious Metals, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China

    Mingyong Wang

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  1. Wenjing Yan
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Yan, W., Zhang, J., Lü, A. et al. Self-supporting and hierarchically porous NixFe—S/NiFe2O4 heterostructure as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for fluctuating overall water splitting. Int J Miner Metall Mater 29, 1120–1131 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-022-2443-2

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