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Relationship between Cytokines and Metabolic Syndrome Components: Role of Pancreatic-Derived Factor, Interleukin-37, and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α in Metabolic Syndrome Patients

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Abstract

The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a serious public health issue that affects people all over the world. Notably, insulin resistance, prothrombotic activity, and inflammatory state are associated with MetS. This study aims to explore the relationship between cytokines and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), pancreatic-derived factor (PANDER), and interleukin (IL-)-37 and the accumulation of MetS components. Eligible participants were divided into four groups as follows: group 1, patients with dyslipidemia; group 2, patients with dyslipidemia and obesity; group 3, patients with dyslipidemia, obesity, and hypertension; and group 4, patients with dyslipidemia, obesity, hypertension, and hyperglycemia. This study exhibited that serum levels of TNF-α and PANDER were significantly elevated (P < 0.001) in the MetS groups, while IL-37 level and IL-37 mRNA expression were significantly decreased (P < 0.001) relative to healthy controls. Moreover, this study has revealed significant correlations (P < 0.001) between MetS components and TNF-α, PANDER, and IL-37 levels in MetS patients. The aforementioned results suggested the association between the proinflammatory cytokine (TNF-α and PANDER) and anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-37) with the accumulation of MetS components. Hence, the overall outcome indicated that PANDER and IL-37 may be considered novel biomarkers associated with increased risk of MetS and can be used as a promising therapeutic target in preventing, ameliorating, and treating metabolic disorders.

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All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article.

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No funding was received for conducting this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Molecular Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Egypt. Salah Salem St, 62511, Beni-Suef, Egypt

    Adel Abdel-Moneim

  2. Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt

    Rania Mahmoud & Basant Mahmoud

  3. Immunology Section, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt

    Gamal Allam

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  1. Adel Abdel-Moneim
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  2. Rania Mahmoud
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  3. Gamal Allam
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  4. Basant Mahmoud
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study’s conception and design. Material preparation and data collection and analysis were performed by Basant Mahmoud, Adel Abdel-Moneim, and Rania Mahmoud. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Basant Mahmoud, Adel Abdel-Moneim, and Gamal Allam, and all authors commented on the previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Adel Abdel-Moneim.

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Written consent was obtained from each participant before participating in the experiment, and the study was approved by the institutional ethics committee (Ref: NNI/FS/16/4).

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Abdel-Moneim, A., Mahmoud, R., Allam, G. et al. Relationship between Cytokines and Metabolic Syndrome Components: Role of Pancreatic-Derived Factor, Interleukin-37, and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α in Metabolic Syndrome Patients. Ind J Clin Biochem 39, 37–46 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12291-022-01079-z

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