Abstract
Ocular diseases are a growing global concern and have a significant impact on the quality of life. Cataracts, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, and diabetic retinopathy are the most prevalent ocular diseases. Their prevalence and the global market size are also increasing. However, the available pharmacotherapy is currently limited. These diseases share common pathophysiological features, including neovascularization, inflammation, and/or neurodegeneration. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are a class of enzymes that catalyze the removal of acetyl groups from lysine residues of histone and nonhistone proteins. HDACs are crucial for regulating various cellular processes, such as gene expression, protein stability, localization, and function. They have also been studied in various research fields, including cancer, inflammatory diseases, neurological disorders, and vascular diseases. Our study aimed to investigate the relationship between HDACs and ocular diseases, to identify a new strategy for pharmacotherapy. This review article explores the role of HDACs in ocular diseases, specifically focusing on diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, and retinopathy of prematurity, as well as optic nerve disorders, such as glaucoma and optic neuropathy. Additionally, we explore the interplay between HDACs and key regulators of fibrosis and angiogenesis, such as TGF-β and VEGF, highlighting the potential of targeting HDAC as novel therapeutic strategies for ocular diseases.
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This work was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2019R1A2C3011422, NRF-2019R1A5A2027340). This work was also supported by a grant from the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries’ R&D project, Korea (1525011845).
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Jae Hyun Jun is an employee of Chong Kun Dang Pharmaceutical Co. The other authors have no conflict of interest.
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Jun, J.H., Kim, JS., Palomera, L.F. et al. Dysregulation of histone deacetylases in ocular diseases. Arch. Pharm. Res. 47, 20–39 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12272-023-01482-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12272-023-01482-x