Abstract
Epitranscriptomics is the emerging field of research that comprises the study of epigenetics changes in RNAs. Progressing development in the field of epigenetics has helped to manage and comprehend human diseases. RNA methylation regulates all aspects of RNA functions, which are involved in the pathogenesis of human diseases. Interestingly, RNA m5C methylation is significantly linked to various types of human disease, including cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The m5C methylation is controlled by m5C regulatory proteins, which act as methyltransferase, demethyltransferase, and RNA-binding protein. Dysregulated expression in m5C regulatory proteins is significantly associated with cardiovascular disease, and these regulatory proteins have crucial roles in biological and cellular functions. This review is mainly focused on the role of RNA m5C modification in CVD and mitochondrial dysfunction. Thus, m5C will contribute to discovering the new diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for CVD.
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Abbreviations
- Asp:
-
Asparagine
- Aza-IP:
-
5-Azacytidine-mediated RNA immunoprecipitation
- CLIP:
-
Cross-linking and immunoprecipitation
- CVD:
-
Cardiovascular disease
- DNMT2:
-
DNA methyltransferase 2
- DS:
-
Dubowitz syndrome
- Gly:
-
Glycine
- Leu:
-
Leucine
- lncRNA:
-
Long noncoding RNA
- m5C:
-
5-Methylcytosine
- m5C-RIP:
-
5-Methylcytosine-RNA immunoprecipitation
- m6A:
-
N6-Methyladenosine
- Me-RIP:
-
Methylated RNA immunoprecipitation
- Met:
-
Methionine
- miRNA:
-
Micro RNA
- mRNA:
-
Messenger RNA
- mt-tRNA:
-
Mitochondrial transfer RNA
- RNMT:
-
RNA methyl transferase
- rRNA:
-
Ribosomal RNA
- SAM:
-
S-Adenosyl-L-methionine
- TAWO-seq:
-
TET-assisted WO-seq
- TCGA:
-
The Cancer Genome Atlas
- TET family:
-
Ten-eleven translocation methylcytosine dioxygenases
- TNF-α:
-
Tumor necrosis factor-α
- TRDMT1:
-
TRNA aspartic acid methyltransferase 1
- tRNA:
-
Transfer RNA
- UTR:
-
Untranslated region
- Val:
-
Valine
- WHO:
-
World Health Organization
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We acknowledge the contribution of Dr. Anitha Roy, who was involved in the editing and formatting of the manuscript.
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This work was supported by the Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), Government of India (EEQ/2019/000411).
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K. Balachander undertook literature mining from various reputed databases, drafted the manuscript, and prepared illustrations. Dr. A. Paramasivam and Dr. J. Vijayashree Priyadharsini gave the concept for this article and are responsible for manuscript proofreading and validating the entire manuscript.
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Balachander, K., Priyadharsini, J.V., Roy, A. et al. Emerging Role of RNA m5C Modification in Cardiovascular Diseases. J. of Cardiovasc. Trans. Res. 16, 598–605 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12265-022-10336-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12265-022-10336-8