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Assessment of Pregelatinized Sorghum and Maize Starches as Superior Multi-functional Excipients

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Abstract

Purpose

Research exploring pharmaceutical applications of native sorghum and maize crops is needed to improve their economic competitiveness.

Objectives

This work assesses the physicochemical and compressional attributes of pregelatinized sorghum and maize starches originating from Sudan and determines whether these attributes are superior than existing starches in pursuit of achieving quality attributes of pharmaceutical dosage formulations.

Methods

The effects of pregelatinization temperature, starch concentration, and wet massing time were studied in 23 full factorial design. The relevant physical and functional properties such as particle morphology, compressibility index, porosity, particle size distribution, lubricant sensitivity, Heckel and Kawakita plots, and dissolution were systematically examined.

Results

The Hausner ratios (HRs) of unmodified sorghum (1.48) and maize starch (1.39) decreased to 1.22 on pregelatinization. The Heckel parameter of pregelatinized sorghum and maize starches were 29.4 and 17.5, respectively, indicating a high degree of plastic deformation. Low elastic recovery value of 0.29 % indicated low capping and lamination tendency. The coordination number of 8.7 which corresponded to bed voidage of approximately 45 % and Kawakita analysis supported densification by particle rearrangement at low compaction pressures. Swelling power increased fourfold compared to unmodified starches resulting in the faster disintegration of tablets. More than 80 % of drug was released after 10 min from all the formulations. Although lubrication sensitivity values increased marginally, no effect on disintegration time was seen.

Conclusion

The pregelatinized starches mainly sorghum possess superior physical and functional properties and can accommodate minor changes in the formulation composition or process.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al Ribat University, Khartoum, Sudan

    Daud Baraka Abdallah & Abubakr Suliman Elgorashi

  2. AlFalah Life Sciences Pvt. Ltd., Wathora, Budgam, 191113, Jammu & Kashmir, India

    Naseem Ahmad Charoo

  3. Zeno Therapeutics, P.O. Box 121709, Dubai, United Arab Emirates

    Naseem Ahmad Charoo

Authors
  1. Daud Baraka Abdallah
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  2. Naseem Ahmad Charoo
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  3. Abubakr Suliman Elgorashi
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Correspondence to Naseem Ahmad Charoo.

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Abdallah, D.B., Charoo, N.A. & Elgorashi, A.S. Assessment of Pregelatinized Sorghum and Maize Starches as Superior Multi-functional Excipients. J Pharm Innov 11, 143–155 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12247-016-9247-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12247-016-9247-8

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