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Realising the Potential of Pineapple Leaf Fiber as Green and High-performance Reinforcement for Natural Rubber Composite with Liquid Functionalized Rubber

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Abstract

In this work, it is attempted to demonstrate the potential of natural fiber namely pineapple leaf fiber (PALF) as high performance green reinforcement for natural rubber. Liquid carboxylated isoprene rubber was used as an adhesion promoter (AP) to improve the adhesion between the fiber and the rubber matrix. Three types of fibers, i.e. untreated, sodium hydroxided treated and silane treated, were used. PALF and carbon black were combined to form hybrid reinforcement. Fiber content and carbon black were kept at 10 and 30 parts (by weight) per hundred of rubber (phr), respectively. Preferentially aligned fiber composite rubbers were prepared and tested using dynamic mechanical analysis. Scanning electron microscopy was used to study the cryogenic and tensile fracture surfaces of the composites. It was found that storage moduli of the composites containing the liquid AP dramatically increase in the temperature range above the glass transition temperature of the matrix. Fiber treatment provides negligible effect on storage moduli without the liquid AP. On the contrary, significant additional effects of sodium hydroxide treatment and silane treatment on the storage moduli were obtained when the liquid AP is present. This indicates an interacting and hence synergistic effect of the surface treatment and the liquid AP. Scanning electron microscopy images revealed that large PALF bundles break down into microfibers, in the presence of the liquid AP, to provide more efficient reinforcement. The highest room temperature modulus obtained was 230 MPa. Mechanism for the improvement in the reinforcing efficiency will be proposed and discussed.

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge partial financial support of the project by the Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Office of the Higher Education Commission, Ministry of Education. We acknowledge also the grant of Thai scholarships from Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC) and Franco-Thai scholarship from the French government provided for BS.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Polymer Science and Technology Program, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand

    Budsaraporn Surajarusarn, Satit Thaiwattananon & Taweechai Amornsakchai

  2. Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse, IS2M-CNRS-UHA, 15, Rue Jean Starcky, B.P.2488-68057, Mulhouse Cedex, France

    Budsaraporn Surajarusarn & Karine Mougin

  3. Rubber Technology Center, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand

    Sombat Thanawan

  4. Center of Sustainable Energy and Green Materials, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand

    Taweechai Amornsakchai

Authors
  1. Budsaraporn Surajarusarn
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  2. Satit Thaiwattananon
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  3. Sombat Thanawan
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  4. Karine Mougin
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  5. Taweechai Amornsakchai
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Correspondence to Taweechai Amornsakchai.

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Surajarusarn, B., Thaiwattananon, S., Thanawan, S. et al. Realising the Potential of Pineapple Leaf Fiber as Green and High-performance Reinforcement for Natural Rubber Composite with Liquid Functionalized Rubber. Fibers Polym 22, 2543–2551 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12221-021-1018-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12221-021-1018-6

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