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In Situ Formation of LiF-Rich Carbon Interphase on Silicon Particles for Cycle-Stable Battery Anodes

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Abstract

Silicon (Si) is a potential high-capacity anode material for the next-generation lithium-ion battery with high energy density. However, Si anodes suffer from severe interfacial chemistry issues, such as side reactions at the electrode/electrolyte interface, leading to poor electrochemical cycling stability. Herein, we demonstrate the fabrication of a conformal fluorine-containing carbon (FC) layer on Si particles (Si-FC) and its in situ electrochemical conversion into a LiF-rich carbon layer above 1.5 V (vs. Li+/Li). The as-formed LiF-rich carbon layer not only isolates the active Si and electrolytes, leading to the suppression of side reactions, but also induces the formation of a robust solid–electrolyte interface (SEI), leading to the stable interfacial chemistry of as-designed Si-FC particles. The Si-FC electrode has a high initial Coulombic efficiency (CE) of 84.8% and a high reversible capacity of 1450 mAh/g at 0.4 C (1000 mA/g) for 300 cycles. In addition, a hybrid electrode consisting of 85 wt% graphite and 15 wt% Si-FC, and mass 2.3 mg/cm2 loading delivers a high areal capacity of 2.0 mAh/cm2 and a high-capacity retention of 93.2% after 100 cycles, showing the prospects for practical use.

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Acknowledgements

This work is supported by the Innovation Fund of Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics of Huazhong University of Science and Technology.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China

    Yang Ni, Shuibin Tu, Renmin Zhan, Zhao Cai, Xiaohong Wang & Yongming Sun

  2. China-EU Institute for Clean and Renewable Energy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China

    Yang Ni

  3. State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China

    Shuibin Tu

  4. Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan, 430074, China

    Zhao Cai

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  1. Yang Ni
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Correspondence to Xiaohong Wang or Yongming Sun.

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Ni, Y., Tu, S., Zhan, R. et al. In Situ Formation of LiF-Rich Carbon Interphase on Silicon Particles for Cycle-Stable Battery Anodes. Trans. Tianjin Univ. 29, 101–109 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12209-022-00349-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12209-022-00349-4

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