Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

Leukemic-phase mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma

  • Case Report
  • Published:
International Journal of Hematology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A 78-year-old man presenting with leukocytosis was admitted to our hospital. The patient was asymptomatic and showed no lymphadenopathy. Peripheral blood flow cytometry revealed a leukemic-phase B-cell lymphoma with medium-to-large abnormal cells with reticulum. Positron emission tomography/computed tomography revealed abnormal uptake in the right orbit, bone marrow, and spleen. We performed immunological staining and fluorescence in situ hybridization on tissues extracted from the right orbit and bone marrow, which led to the diagnosis of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. Polymerase chain reaction analysis of immunoglobulin heavy chain rearrangements in the right orbital mass and bone marrow suggested that they were identical clones. Based on these collective findings, the diagnosis of leukemic-phase MALT lymphoma was confirmed, with sites of involvement including the bone marrow, peripheral blood, right orbit, and spleen. This is a highly rare case of leukemic MALT lymphoma.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Cook JR, Isaacson PG, Chott A, Nakamura S, Muller-Hermelink HK, Harris NL, et al. Extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT lymphoma). In: Swerdlow SH, et al., editors. WHO classification of tumours of haematopoietic and lymphoid tissues. Lyon: IARC; 2017. p. 259–62.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Guidoboni M, Ferreri AJ, Ponzoni M, Doglioni C, Dolcetti R. Infectious agents in mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue-type lymphomas: pathogenic role and therapeutic perspectives. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma. 2006;6:289–300.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Kiesewetter B, Raderer M. Immunomodulatory treatment for mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma (MALT lymphoma). Hematol Oncol. 2020;38:417–24.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Ishii Y, Tomita N, Suzuki T, Ishiyama Y, Kishimoto K, Yamamoto E, et al. Dissemination pattern of extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue. Leuk Lymphoma. 2015;56:2750–2.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Reitter S, Neumeister P, Beham-Schmid C, Emberger W, Strunk D, Brezinschek R, et al. A case of generalized MALT lymphoma with IgM paraproteinemia and peripheral blood involvement. Ann Hematol. 2010;89:213–4.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Griesser H, Kaiser U, Augener W, Tiemann M, Lennert K. B-cell lymphoma of the mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue (MALT) presenting with bone marrow and peripheral blood involvement. Leuk Res. 1990;14:617–22.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Thieblemont C, Bastion Y, Berger F, Rieux C, Salles G, Dumontet C, et al. Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue gastrointestinal and nongastrointestinal lymphoma behavior: analysis of 108 patients. J Clin Oncol. 1997;15:1624–30.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Arcaini L, Burcheri S, Rossi A, Passamonti F, Paulli M, Boveri E, et al. Nongastric marginal-zone B-cell MALT lymphoma: prognostic value of disease dissemination. Oncologist. 2006;11:285–91.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Raderer M, Vorbeck F, Formanek M, Osterreicher C, Valencak J, Penz M, et al. Importance of extensive staging in patients with mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)-type lymphoma. Br J Cancer. 2000;83:454–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  10. de Boer JP, Hiddink RF, Raderer M, Antonini N, Aleman BM, Boot H, et al. Dissemination patterns in non-gastric MALT lymphoma. Haematologica. 2008;93:201–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Eckardt AM, Lemound J, Rana M, Gellrich NC. Orbital lymphoma: diagnostic approach and treatment outcome. World J Surg Oncol. 2013;11:73.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  12. Isaacson P, Wright DH. Malignant lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue. A distinctive type of B-cell lymphoma. Cancer. 1983;52:1410–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Garcia DP, Rooney MT, Ahmad E, Davis BH. Diagnostic usefulness of CD23 and FMC-7 antigen expression patterns in B-cell lymphoma classification. Am J Clin Pathol. 2001;115:258–65.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Tandon B, Peterson L, Gao J, Nelson B, Ma S, Rosen S, et al. Nuclear overexpression of lymphoid-enhancer-binding factor 1 identifies chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma in small B-cell lymphomas. Mod Pathol. 2011;24:1433–43.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Soliman DS, Al-Kuwari E, Siveen KS, Al-Abdulla R, Chandra P, Yassin M, et al. Downregulation of Lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1 (LEF-1) expression (by immunohistochemistry and/ flow cytometry) in chronic lymphocytic leukemia with atypical immunophenotypic and cytologic features. Int J Lab Hematol. 2021;43:515–25.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Kanellis G, Roncador G, Arribas A, Mollejo M, Montes-Moreno S, Maestre L, et al. Identification of MNDA as a new marker for nodal marginal zone lymphoma. Leukemia. 2009;23:1847–57.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Raimbault A, Machherndl-Spandl S, Itzykson R, Clauser S, Chapuis N, Mathis S, et al. CD13 expression in B cell malignancies is a hallmark of plasmacytic differentiation. Br J Haematol. 2019;184:625–33.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Darom A, Gomatos IP, Leandros E, Xatziyiannis E, Fotiadis C, Konstadoulakis MM. HLA-DR antigen and Bax protein expression in patients with primary non-Hodgkin’s gastric lymphoma. Hybrid Hybridomics. 2004;23:87–92.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Ferry JA, Yang WI, Zukerberg LR, Wotherspoon AC, Arnold A, Harris NL. CD5+ extranodal marginal zone B-cell (MALT) lymphoma. A low grade neoplasm with a propensity for bone marrow involvement and relapse. Am J Clin Pathol. 1996;105:31–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Thieblemont C, Berger F, Dumontet C, Moullet I, Bouafia F, Felman P, et al. Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma is a disseminated disease in one third of 158 patients analyzed. Blood. 2000;95:802–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Sretenovic M, Colovic M, Jankovic G, Suvajdzic N, Mihaljevic B, Colovic N, et al. More than a third of non-gastric malt lymphomas are disseminated at diagnosis: a single center survey. Eur J Haematol. 2009;82:373–80.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Naoto Tomita.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors have no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Yotsuyanagi, T., Tomita, N., Saiki, Y. et al. Leukemic-phase mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. Int J Hematol 118, 758–765 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12185-023-03654-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12185-023-03654-3

Keywords

Navigation