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Understanding the Roles of Selenium on Thyroid Hormone-Induced Thermogenesis in Adipose Tissue

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Abstract

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) and white adipose tissue (WAT) are known to regulate lipid metabolism. A lower amount of BAT compared to WAT, along with adipose tissue dysfunction, can result in obesity. Studies have shown that selenium supplementation protects against adipocyte dysfunction, decreases WAT triglycerides, and increases BAT triiodothyronine (T3). In this review, we discuss the relationship between selenium and lipid metabolism regulation through selenoprotein deiodinases and the role of deiodinases and thyroid hormones in the induction of adipose tissue thermogenesis. Upon 22 studies included in our review, we found that studies investigating the relationship between selenium and deiodinases demonstrated that selenium supplementation affects the iodothyronine deiodinase 2 (DIO2) protein and the expression of its associated gene, DIO2, proportionally. However, its effect on DIO1 is inconsistent while its effect on DIO3 activity is not detected. Studies have shown that the activity of deiodinases especially DIO2 protein and DIO2 gene expression is increased along with other browning markers upon white adipose tissue browning induction. Studies showed that thermogenesis is stimulated by the thyroid hormone T3 as its activity is correlated to the expression of other thermogenesis markers. A proposed mechanism of thermogenesis induction in selenium supplementation is by autophagy control. However, more studies are needed to establish the role of T3 and autophagy in adipose tissue thermogenesis, especially, since some studies have shown that thermogenesis can function even when T3 activity is lacking and studies related to autophagy in adipose tissue thermogenesis have contradictory results.

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Funding

The funding of this study was supported by the world-class research 2022 Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology to Ronny Lesmana.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate School of Master Program in Anti-Aging and Aesthetic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Kabupaten Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia

    Yasmin Anissa R. Ruswandi

  2. Physiology Division, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang, KM.21, Hegarmanah, Kec. Jatinangor, Kabupaten Sumedang, West Java, 45363, Indonesia

    Ronny Lesmana, Aziiz Mardanarian Rosdianto & Hanna Goenawan

  3. Veterinary Medicine Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Kabupaten Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia

    Aziiz Mardanarian Rosdianto

  4. Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Maranatha Christian University, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia

    Julia Windi Gunadi

  5. Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Kabupaten Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia

    Felix Zulhendri

  6. Kebun Efi, Kabanjahe, 22171, North Sumatra, Indonesia

    Felix Zulhendri

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  3. Aziiz Mardanarian Rosdianto
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the review conception and design. Material preparation and article collection were performed by Yasmin Anissa R. Ruswandi. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Yasmin Anissa R. Ruswandi and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Ronny Lesmana.

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Ruswandi, Y.A.R., Lesmana, R., Rosdianto, A.M. et al. Understanding the Roles of Selenium on Thyroid Hormone-Induced Thermogenesis in Adipose Tissue. Biol Trace Elem Res 202, 2419–2441 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-023-03854-2

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