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Effects of Sr2+, BO33−, and SiO32− on Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells into Odontoblast-Like Cells

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Abstract

This study aimed to clarify the effects of strontium (Sr2+), borate (BO33−), and silicate (SiO32−) on cell proliferative capacity, the induction of differentiation into odontoblast-like cells (OLCs), and substrate formation of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). Sr2+, BO33−, and SiO32− solutions were added to the hDPSC culture medium at three different concentrations, totaling nine experimental groups. The effects of these ions on hDPSC proliferation, calcification, and collagen formation after 14, 21, and 28 days of culture were evaluated using a cell proliferation assay, a quantitative alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay, and Alizarin Red S and Sirius Red staining, respectively. Furthermore, the effects of these ions on hDPSC differentiation into OLCs were assessed via quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunocytochemistry. Sr2+ and SiO32− increased the expression of odontoblast markers; i.e., nestin, dentin matrix protein-1, dentin sialophosphoprotein, and ALP genes, compared with the control group. BO33− increased the ALP gene expression and activity. The results of this study suggested that Sr2+, BO33−, and SiO32− may induce hDPSC differentiation into OLCs.

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Data Availability

The datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Materials Availability

For this paper, materials were provided by Shofu, Inc.

Abbreviations

ACP:

amorphous calcium phosphate

ALP:

alkaline phosphatase

DGI:

dentinogenesis imperfecta

DSPP:

dentin sialophosphoprotein

ECM:

extracellular matrix

GADPH:

glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase

MTA:

mineral trioxide aggregate

NCP:

noncollagenous proteins

OLC:

odontoblast-like cell

PBS:

phosphate-buffered saline

qPCR:

quantitative polymerase chain reaction

VPT:

vital pulp therapy

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Acknowledgements

The author would like to thank Mikio Ishiyama for advice on experimental design, Haruka Takezawa for technical support, and Masaya Suzuki for writing support. We also thank Shofu Corporation for providing the ionic solution used in this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Advanced Operative Dentistry-Endodontics, The Nippon Dental University Graduate School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, Nigata, Japan

    Yuko Miyano

  2. Department of Microbiology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, Nigata, Japan

    Masato Mikami & Hiroaki Katsuragi

  3. Department of Operative Dentistry, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, 1-8 Hamaura-Cho, Chuo-Ku, Nigata, 951-8580, Japan

    Koichi Shinkai

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All author contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by Yuko Miyano. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Yuko Miyano, and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Miyano, Y., Mikami, M., Katsuragi, H. et al. Effects of Sr2+, BO33−, and SiO32− on Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells into Odontoblast-Like Cells. Biol Trace Elem Res 201, 5585–5600 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-023-03625-z

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