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Retinal Neurodegeneration as an Early Manifestation of Diabetic Eye Disease and Potential Neuroprotective Therapies

  • Microvascular Complications—Retinopathy (DL Chao and G Yiu, Section Editors)
  • Published:
Current Diabetes Reports Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose of Review

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major cause of visual impairment and blindness throughout the world. Microvascular changes have long been regarded central to disease pathogenesis. In recent years, however, retinal neurodegeneration is increasingly being hypothesized to occur prior to the vascular changes classically associated with DR and contribute to disease pathogenesis.

Recent Findings

There is growing structural and functional evidence from human and animal studies that suggests retinal neurodegeneration to be an early component of DR. Identification of new therapeutic targets is an ongoing area of research with several different molecules undergoing testing in animal models for their neuroprotective properties and for possible use in humans.

Summary

Retinal neurodegeneration may play a central role in DR pathogenesis. As new therapies are developed, it will be important to develop criteria for clinically defining retinal neurodegeneration. A standardization of the methods for monitoring neurodegeneration along with more sensitive means of detecting preclinical damage is also needed.

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  1. Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA

    Sidra Zafar, Mira Sachdeva & Roomasa Channa

  2. Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA

    Benjamin J. Frankfort & Roomasa Channa

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Zafar, S., Sachdeva, M., Frankfort, B.J. et al. Retinal Neurodegeneration as an Early Manifestation of Diabetic Eye Disease and Potential Neuroprotective Therapies. Curr Diab Rep 19, 17 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11892-019-1134-5

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