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High-efficiency CO2 sequestration through direct aqueous carbonation of carbide slag: determination of carbonation reaction and optimization of operation parameters

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Abstract

Under the dual-carbon target, CO2 mineralization through solid wastes presents a mutually beneficial approach for permanent carbon emission reduction at a low material cost, while also enabling the resource utilization of these wastes. However, despite its potential, a comprehensive understanding about the effect of industrial solid waste properties and operating parameters on the carbonation process, and the mechanism of direct aqueous carbonation is still lacking. A series of experiments were conducted to compare the carbonation performance of fly ash, steel slag, and carbide slag. Subsequently, CO2 mineralization by carbide slag was systematically studied under various operating parameters due to its high CO2 sequestration capacity. Results showed the reactivity of CaO and Ca(OH)2 was higher than that of CaO·SiO2 and 2CaO·SiO2. Carbide slag demonstrated a sequestration capacity of 610.8 g CO2/kg and carbonation efficiency ζCa of 62.04% under the conditions of 65 °C, 1.5 MPa initial CO2 pressure, 15 mL/g liquid-to-solid ratio, and 200 r/min stirring speed. Moreover, the formation of carbonates was confirmed through XRD, SEM-EDS, TG, and FTIR. A mechanism analysis revealed that initially, the rate of the carbonation process was primarily controlled by the mass transfer of CO2 in the gas–liquid interface. However, the rate-determining step gradually shifted to the mass transfer of Ca2+ in the solid–liquid interface as the reaction time increased. This study lays the foundation for the large-scale implementation of CO2 sequestration through carbide slag carbonation.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by China Petrochemical Corporation Scientific Research Projects (Nos. 417002-4 and 418020-5).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Coal and Syngas Conversion, Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Processing Co. Ltd., Beijing, 100083, China

    Zhiqiang Wang, Longpeng Cui, Yanfang Liu, Jili Hou, Hongwei Li, Liang Zou & Fuxia Zhu

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  1. Zhiqiang Wang
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  2. Longpeng Cui
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  3. Yanfang Liu
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  4. Jili Hou
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  5. Hongwei Li
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  6. Liang Zou
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  7. Fuxia Zhu
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Longpeng Cui.

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Conflict of Interest The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Ethical Approval This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.

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Highlights

• The sequestration capacity of 610.8 g CO2/kg was achieved for carbide slag.

• Corresponding carbonation efficiency was 62.04% at optimum reaction conditions.

• The mass transfer of CO2 was the rate-limiting steps at the initial stage.

• The mass transfer of Ca2+ controlled the carbonation rate with increasing time.

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Wang, Z., Cui, L., Liu, Y. et al. High-efficiency CO2 sequestration through direct aqueous carbonation of carbide slag: determination of carbonation reaction and optimization of operation parameters. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng. 18, 12 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-024-1772-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-024-1772-y

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