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Preparation of arsenic-antimony from arsenic alkali residue by calcification transformation-carbonthermal reduction

钙化转型-碳热还原从砷碱渣中分离制备砷锑

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Abstract

Arsenic alkali residue is a hazardous solid waste typically produced during antimony smelting and its comprehensive utilization is relatively difficult, with problems such as low As and Sb recovery rates, incomplete separation, and risks of secondary pollution. To address these problems, this study develops a novel method to treat arsenic alkali residue obtained from antimony smelting using a calcification transformation-carbothermal reduction process. The thermodynamic results reveal that the calcification transition increases the temperature difference between arsenic and antimony reduction, thus facilitating the separation of arsenic and antimony during the reduction process. Arsenic and antimony in the arsenic alkali residue get calcification rates of 99.67% and 98.74%, respectively, under the optimal conditions. The reduction of calcified slag under vacuum effectively separates arsenic and antimony, and the reduction rate in the calcified slag during the carbothermal reduction process is more than 99%. After the reaction and purification by vacuum distillation, As and Sb purities greater than 99.8% are achieved. Compared with traditional arsenic alkali residue treatment methods, this method can better separate and recover arsenic and antimony with higher purity.

摘要

锑冶炼砷碱渣是锑冶炼过程中产生的危险固体废渣, 目前对其进行资源化综合利用较为困难, 存在砷锑回收率低、分离不完全、可能造成二次污染等问题。为解决这些问题, 本研究以砷碱渣为原料, 采用钙化转型-碳热还原工艺对砷碱渣进行处理。热力学研究结果表明, 钙化转型拉大了砷锑还原所需要的温度区间, 有利于还原过程中砷锑的分离。在最佳条件下, 砷碱渣中的砷和锑的钙化率分别达到99.67% 和98.74%; 真空条件下对钙化渣还原可以有效分离砷、锑, 碳热还原过程中钙化渣中砷、锑的还原率均超过99%, 反应后经一次真空蒸馏提纯, 砷、锑的纯度均能达到99.8%。与传统砷碱渣处理方法相比, 该方法能更好地分离回收砷、锑, 且制备的砷、锑纯度更高。

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Green Metallurgy and Process Intensification, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, China

    Qin Yi  (易勤), Ao Gong  (龚傲), Jia-cong Xu  (徐家聪), Sheng-hui Wen  (温盛汇) & Lei Tian  (田磊)

  2. Jiangxi College of Applied Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, China

    Zhi-feng Xu  (徐志峰)

Authors
  1. Qin Yi  (易勤)
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  3. Jia-cong Xu  (徐家聪)
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  4. Sheng-hui Wen  (温盛汇)
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  5. Zhi-feng Xu  (徐志峰)
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  6. Lei Tian  (田磊)
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Contributions

TIAN Lei, XU Zhi-feng formulated the overall research goals and provided financial support. YI Qin provided and analyzed the experimental data. GONG Ao, YI Qin conducted thermodynamic analysis. YI Qin, XU Jia-cong, WEN Sheng-hui conducted the literature review. YI Qin wrote the first draft of the manuscript. All authors responded to reviewer comments and revised the final version.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Lei Tian  (田磊).

Ethics declarations

YI Qin, GONG Ao, XU Jia-cong, WEN Sheng-hui, XU Zhi-feng, TIAN Lei declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Foundation item: Project(2019YFC1907405) supported by the National Key R&D Program of China; Projects(52064021, 52074136) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China; Project(20204BCJL23031) supported by the Jiangxi Provincial Cultivation Program for Academic and Technical Leaders of Major Subjects, China; Project (20202ACB213002) supported by the Jiangxi Provincial Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars, China; Project (2019KY09) supported by the Merit-based Postdoctoral Research in Jiangxi Province, China; Project (JXUSTQJBJ2020004) supported by the Program of Qingjiang Excellent Young Talents, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, China; Project(2021ACB204015) supported by the Distinguished Professor Program of Jinggang Scholars in Institutions of Higher Learning, Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province, China

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Yi, Q., Gong, A., Xu, Jc. et al. Preparation of arsenic-antimony from arsenic alkali residue by calcification transformation-carbonthermal reduction. J. Cent. South Univ. 30, 2193–2204 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11771-023-5379-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11771-023-5379-4

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