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Short-Term Changes in Weight, Body Composition, and Metabolic Biomarkers After Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy in Patients with Obesity: A Comparative Prospective Study

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Abstract

Purpose

To investigate the changes in weight, body composition, and metabolic biomarkers in patients with obesity after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) and compare those changes between patients with and without metabolic syndrome (MS).

Materials and Methods

This retrospective longitudinal study included 76 patients who underwent LSG, among whom 32 had complete 1-year postoperative body composition and metabolic biomarkers. Body composition was measured by quantitative CT. Weight changes were compared between the MS and non-MS groups at 1-, 3-, 6-, and 12-month post-LSG in all patients; changes in body compositions and metabolic biomarkers from one day pre-LSG to 12-month post-LSG were also compared in those 32 patients.

Results

MS occurred in 46% (35/76) of all patients and 44% (14/32) of patients with complete follow-up data. Excess weight loss was lower in the MS group than that in the non-MS group at 1-, 3-, 6-, and 12-month post-LSG; the 12-month difference was significant (MS vs. non-MS: 0.91 ± 0.22 vs. 1.07 ± 0.42, P = 0.04). The greatest rate of visceral fat area (VFA) change occurred 12-month post-LSG in both the non-MS [0.62(0.55,0.7)] and MS [0.6(0.51,0.63)] groups. The most significant reduction in ectopic fat occurred in liver fat (LF) [non-MS, 0.45(0.22,0.58); MS, 0.39(0.23,0.58)].

Conclusion

LGS significantly improves weight, body composition, and metabolic biomarkers in populations with obesity, regardless of whether they have MS. Among the body composition, VFA and LF were the most significantly improved body composition measurements.

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Author information

Author notes

  1. Wei Hong and Wenjuan Tang contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, No.2 Zheshan West St., Wuhu, 241000, China

    Wei Hong, Xiaojun Hao, Chao Tao, Pengzhan Yin & Yunfeng Zhou

  2. Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, China

    Wenjuan Tang

  3. Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, China

    Yan Jin

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  1. Wei Hong
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Correspondence to Yunfeng Zhou.

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Ethical Approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. This study has been approved by the Scientific research and New technology IRB of Wannan Medical College Yijishan Hospital.

Informed Consent

Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Key Points

One-year post-LGS, obese patients show improvements in biochemical parameters.

One-year post-LGS, both BMI and body composition significantly decrease.

Preoperative metabolic abnormalities have minimal impact on postoperative outcomes.

QCT effectively assesses the specific distribution of fat reduction post LSG.

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Hong, W., Tang, W., Hao, X. et al. Short-Term Changes in Weight, Body Composition, and Metabolic Biomarkers After Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy in Patients with Obesity: A Comparative Prospective Study. OBES SURG 34, 1801–1809 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11695-024-07208-2

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