Correction to: Reforming China’s fertilizer policies: implications for nitrogen pollution reduction and food security

In the original publication of this article, there was an error in the values of the NitrogenTax and CarbonTax scenarios and minor errors presented in the main text, Fig. 1b, Fig. 2b, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, and Table 2. Under the section “Scenarios”, in the sentence of the last paragraph now reading “... (NitrogenTax, NitrogenTax330, CarbonTax, and PhaseinNTax&SM) is conducted...”, “330” replaces “120”. Under the section “Results”, in the sentence of the second paragraph now reading “..., a nitrogen taxation scheme (NitrogenTax) with respective reductions of 13.4 and 9.8 Mt N fertilizer (Fig. 1b)”, “13.4” replaces “13.5”, and “9.8 Mt” replaces “10.8 Mt”. Figure 1b is correspondingly corrected. In the sentence of the third paragraph “..., the nitrogen surplus can be kept well below the country’s N planetary boundary–26 Mt (Chang et al. 2021) (Fig. 2a).”, “Fig. 2a” replaces “Fig. 5b”. In the fourth paragraph, the sentence now reading as “The cumulative N2O emissions in the AMB scenario can be reduced by 31.8% in 2060, 1.5 times as those in the PAU scenario (Fig. 2b)”, the value of emission reduction in 2030 was removed. In the sentence beginning with “The reduction in cumulative N2O emissions...”, “1995-2060” replaces “2015-2060”, and “1.4% to 28.7%” replaces “1.5 to 40.3%”. In the next sentence, “NMEHigh” replaces “NMEhHigh”, and “28.7%” replaces “40.3%”. Figure 2b is corrected. In Figs. 4 and 5, the points of NitrogenTax, NitrogenTax120, and CarbonTax were shown incorrectly. The correct figures and the caption of Fig. 4 are updated. Under the section “Impacts on food prices, food self-sufficiency, and productivity”, in the first paragraph where the sentence beginning with “Compared with CAU...”, “1.0%” replaces “6.6%”. In the sentence beginning with “However, the food prices in the AMB scenario in 2030 and 2060 are...”, “20.3%” replaces “38.7%”, and “22.8%” replaces “38.0%”. In the next sentence beginning with “For the livestock products...”, “22.4%” replaces “22.9%”. The values in the column of NitrogenTax in Table 2 are replaced by “8.5”, “8.5”, “11.5”, “15.1”, “4.7”, and “2.7”, respectively. Under the section “Complementary analysis of N cost effect on the environment and food security”, the fourth sentence now reads as “Model results indicate that emission taxation schemes can lead to less N fertilizer use (Fig. 4a), while the subsidy removal policy is more effective in fertilizer reduction when considering the costs.” The next sentence now reads as “... in the SubsidyRemoval scenario is The original article can be found online at https:// doi. org/ 10. 1007/ s1162502201189-w.

In the original publication of this article, there was an error in the values of the NitrogenTax and CarbonTax scenarios and minor errors presented in the main text, Fig. 1b, Fig. 2b, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, and Table 2.
In the sentence of the third paragraph "…, the nitrogen surplus can be kept well below the country's N planetary In the fourth paragraph, the sentence now reading as "The cumulative N 2 O emissions in the AMB scenario can be reduced by 31.8% in 2060, 1.5 times as those in the PAU scenario ( Fig. 2b)", the value of emission reduction in 2030 was removed.
Under the section "Complementary analysis of N cost effect on the environment and food security", the fourth sentence now reads as "Model results indicate that emission taxation schemes can lead to less N fertilizer use (Fig. 4a), while the subsidy removal policy is more effective in fertilizer reduction when considering the costs." The next sentence now reads as "… in the SubsidyRemoval scenario is 1 3 Finally, under the section "Sensitivity analysis of fertilizer prices", the sentence now reads as "The model results also show that the price elasticity of fertilizer demand is relatively low, on average 4.2%". In the next sentence, "4.1" replaces "4.2".
The changes do not affect the major findings and conclusions of the study. The revised text, figures, and tables are available in the HTML and PDF versions of the article and in the PDF version of the supplementary information.
The original article has been updated.
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