Abstract
Phytoremediation technology, as an eco-friendly and cost-effective approach, is widely used to restore soil contaminated by heavy metal(loid)s. However, the adaptability and absorption capacity of plants to multiple elements are the crucial factors affecting the application of phytoremediation in mining areas. In this study, dominant native plant species and their paired soils were collected near a lead-zinc mine in Inner Mongolia, to assess the ecological risk of heavy metal(loid)s and phytoremediation potential. The results showed that Cd and As were the dominant soil pollutants, with levels of 90.91% and 100%, respectively, exceeding the risk intervention values for soil contamination of agricultural land. The rates of Pb, Cu, and Zn exceeding the risk screening values were 69.70%, 60.61%, and 96.97%, respectively. Extremely high ecological risk of heavy metal(loid)s was observed in this area. The ability of native plants accumulating heavy metals varied among species. The bioconcentration factor (BCF) varied from 0.14 to 2.59 for Cd, 0.02 to 0.45 for As, 0.06 to 0.76 for Pb, 0.05 to 2.69 for Cr, 0.15 to 1.00 for Cu, and 0.22 to 4.10 for Zn. Chinese Cinquefoil Herb (Potentilla chinensis Ser.) showed the potential to accumulate multiple toxic elements based on the biomass, shoot content, translocation factor (TF), BCF, and metal extraction rate (MER), while, other species showed the potential to accumulate single toxic element: goosefoot (Chenopodium album L.), Lespedeza daurica (Laxm.) Schindl. and peashrubs (Caragana korshinskii Kom.), Herba Artemisiae Scopariae (Artemisia capillaris Thunb.), alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), and Moldavian Dragonhead (Dracocephalum moldavica L.) for Cd, As, Cr, Cu, and Zn, respectively. Furthermore, wild leek (Allium ramosum L.), cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica (L.) Beauv.), fringed sagebrush (Artemisia frigida Willd.), and field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis L.) were selected for phytostabilization of specific elements, considering the heavy metal contents in the roots and low TF values. This study provides a reference for selecting appropriate species for the remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils in certain mining areas.
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Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the Key Science and Technology Projects of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (2019ZD001) and the High-level Team Project of China Agricultural University.
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This work was supported by the Key Science and Technology Projects of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (2019ZD001).
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Qiqi Wang: Data curation, Formal analysis, Validation, Visualization, Writing—original draft, review & editing. Siyu Huang: Data curation, Formal analysis, Roles/Writing—original draft. Ruqi Jiang: Formal analysis, Writing—Review & Editing. Zhong Zhuang: Investigation, Writing—Review & Editing. Zhe Liu: Writing—Review & Editing. Qi Wang: Investigation, Resources, Supervision. Yanan Wan: Data curation, Project administration, Validation, Resources, Supervision, Writing- review & editing. Huafen Li: Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Funding acquisition, Project administration, Supervision, Writing—review & editing
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Wang, ., Huang, S., Jiang, R. et al. Phytoremediation strategies for heavy metal-contaminated soil by selecting native plants near mining areas in Inner Mongolia. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 94501–94514 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-29002-w
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-29002-w