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Extensive investigation on extraction and leaching kinetics study of Cu and Cr from spent catalyst using acetic acid

  • Recent Trends in Eco-Sustainable Recycling of Energy Critical Elements from Low grade and Secondary Resources
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Abstract

The application of organic acids towards the extraction of both Cu and Cr from the Cu–Cr spent catalyst was investigated. A series of organic acid such as acetic acid, citric acid, formic acid, ascorbic acid and tartaric acid were adopted, and after screening, acetic acid showed a profound effect on dissolution of either of the metals over other green reagents. The spent catalyst was characterized by XRD and SEM–EDAX to confirm the existence of the oxide phase due to both Cu and Cr metals. For efficient dissolution of metals, the critical parameters such as agitation speed, acetic acid concentration, temperature, particle size, as well as S/L ratio affecting on it was systematically investigated. It was observed that at approximately 99.99% of Cu along with 62% of Cr was extracted at the optimised conditions (agitation speed: 800 rpm, 1.0 M CH3COOH, 353 K temperature, particle size of (75–105) µm and S/L: 2% (W/V). The leach residue obtained after the first stage of leaching was analysed by SEM-EDAX and XRD, indicating no peaks due to the presence of Cu ensures complete dissolution of Cu at the optimum conditions. Further, to attain the quantitative leaching yield of Cr, the leach residue obtained after the first stage was sequentially investigated using varied acetic acid concentration and temperature. Leaching kinetics was established based on obtained results at the varied operating parameters, and it revealed support for fitting a model of the leaching data to the shrinking core chemical control model (R2 = 0.99) for both metals (Cu and Cr). The activation energy determined to be 34.05 kJ mol−1 and 43.31 kJ mol−1 for Cu and Cr, respectively, validates the proposed leaching kinetics mechanism.

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Acknowledgements

The co-author P. K. Parhi thankfully acknowledges S&T, Govt. of Odisha, India, for providing financial assistance under the sponsored Grant No. ST-SCST-MISC-0026-2020, No.4856/ST, during the course of the investigation.

Funding

This work was partially supported from the research Grant No. ST-SCST-MISC-0026–2020, No.4856/ST, DST, Govt. of Odisha, India.

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Author notes

  1. Chinmaya Kumar Mohanty and Saroj Sekhar Behera these authors contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Chemical Technology, KIIT Deemed to Be University, Bhubaneswar, 751024, Odisha, India

    Chinmaya Kumar Mohanty, Saroj Sekhar Behera & Suraj Kumar Tripathy

  2. H& EM Division, CSIR-Institute of Mineral and Materials Technology(IMMT), Bhubaneswar, 751013, Odisha, India

    Saroj Sekhar Behera

  3. Department of Chemistry, Fakir Mohan (F.M.) University, Vyasa Vihar, Balasore, Odisha, 756089, India

    Pankaj Kumar Parhi

Authors
  1. Chinmaya Kumar Mohanty
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  2. Saroj Sekhar Behera
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  3. Suraj Kumar Tripathy
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  4. Pankaj Kumar Parhi
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Contributions

C.K. Mohanty: Conceptualization, Development of methodologies, Experimental analysis and Writing of the original draft; S.S. Behera: Conceptualization, Writing, and Analytical support, S.K. Tripathy: Data validation, Review, and Editing, P.K. Parhi: Conceptualization, Development of methodologies, Writing, Review, Editing and Supervision. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Pankaj Kumar Parhi.

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Highlights

• Adoption of organic reagents for effective leaching of Cu and Cu from spent catalyst.

• Leaching kinetics of Cu and Cr follows the shrinking core diffusion control mechanism.

• Resulted Ea of 34.05 & 43.31 kJ mol−1 for Cu and Cr supports leaching mechanism.

• Typical leach reside analysis by XRD,SEM-EDAX ensures over 99% Cu leaching.

• Two stage leaching including Cu followed by Cr with acetic acid was quantitative.

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Mohanty, C.K., Behera, S.S., Tripathy, S.K. et al. Extensive investigation on extraction and leaching kinetics study of Cu and Cr from spent catalyst using acetic acid. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 90195–90208 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-26182-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-26182-3

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