Abstract
Substantial particulates and phosphorus (P) loads are carried into the reservoir by flood runoff and the P exchange between water and settling particulates under variable water conditions in the reservoir after flooding is critical to the removal of active P from water. To investigate the impact of particulate sedimentation on P changes in reservoir water, runoff samples were collected at four locations in the upstream channels of two reservoirs after a rainstorm. Two batches of particulate sedimentation simulations were conducted separately in four plexiglass columns to analyze the changes of water P and environmental factors during particulate sedimentation. The results showed that the contents of total P (TP), total particulates P (TPP), and phosphate (PO43−) decreased with the settlement of particulates. The correlation between the environmental factors and the amount of PO43− in water changed from uncorrelated to correlated with particulate settlement, implying that the rapid settling of particulates might weaken the effect of environmental factors on P exchange between water and particulates. Particulates firstly release PO43− rapidly in river or reservoir and then adsorb PO43− slowly during settlement in reservoirs. Coarse particulates release more and adsorb less PO43− during settlement, and fine particulates play an important role in the removal of water PO43− due to the slow sedimentation rates. Therefore, to mitigate the reactive P content of reservoir water, the loss of coarse particulates from the watershed should be controlled, and the discharge of water with particulates downstream should also be avoided during the flood season.
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Data availability
The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. The grant numbered 51879031 funded the sample collection, experimental devices, data analysis, and paper writing, while another grant numbered 51327004 funded the sample analysis.
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This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51879031, 51327004).
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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by Huijuan Yu, Shiguo Xu, and Weijia Li. The supervision was performed by Shiguo Xu. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Huijuan Yu and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Yu, H., Xu, S., Li, W. et al. Removal process of phosphorus during the settlement of particulates with runoff and its implication for reservoir management. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28, 49588–49601 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-14137-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-14137-5