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Characterization of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) fractions produced by Microcystis aeruginosa under the stress of linoleic acid sustained-release microspheres

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Abstract

This paper focuses on the characterization of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), which are composed of soluble EPS (SL-EPS), loosely bound EPS (LB-EPS), and tightly bound EPS (TB-EPS) produced by Microcystis aeruginosa under the stress of linoleic acid (LA) and LA sustained-release microspheres. Three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix (3D-EEM) fluorescence spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry were used to characterize three forms of EPS while the content of polysaccharide and protein was tested, respectively. The results showed that the highest inhibitor rate (IR) occurred when M. aeruginosa were exposed to LA sustained-release microspheres of 0.3 g L−1. The 3D-EEM contour demonstrated that tryptophan and protein-like substances were detected in all three EPS fractions, whereas humic acid-like substance was only distributed in SL-EPS, and aromatic proteins merely existed in LB-EPS and TB-EPS. The infrared spectrum showed that functional groups in three EPS fractions had no obvious change in all experimental groups. Polysaccharide (1120–1270 cm−1, C–O–C and C–O stretching vibration) and protein (1384–1670 cm−1, C–N and N–H stretching) were detected in three forms of EPS.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported jointly by the Key Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 91647206), the National Science Fund for Creative Research Groups of China (No. 51421006), the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team at Hohai University (No. IRT13061), the National Natural Science Foundation (Grant No. 51579073, 41373111), the Project Funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD), and the Top-notch Academic Programs Project of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (TAPP).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, MOE; School of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China

    Lixiao Ni, Danye Li, Shiyi Rong, Lili Su, Wei Zhou, Peifang Wang & Chao Wang

  2. School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210097, China

    Shiyin Li

  3. Desert Research Institute, Las Vegas, NV, 89119, USA

    Kumud Acharya

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  1. Lixiao Ni
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  2. Danye Li
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  3. Shiyi Rong
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  4. Lili Su
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  5. Wei Zhou
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  6. Peifang Wang
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  7. Chao Wang
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  8. Shiyin Li
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  9. Kumud Acharya
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Correspondence to Lixiao Ni or Shiyin Li.

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Responsible editor: Vitor Manuel Oliveira Vasconcelos

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Ni, L., Li, D., Rong, S. et al. Characterization of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) fractions produced by Microcystis aeruginosa under the stress of linoleic acid sustained-release microspheres. Environ Sci Pollut Res 24, 21091–21102 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-9540-1

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