Abstract
A synergistic system of dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) combined with La/Ce-TiO2 was developed to investigate the decomposition performance of the environmentally persistent perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA). The La/Ce-TiO2 was modified by sol–gel method and characterized by XRD, SEM, and energy dispersive X-ray. The effects of PFOA concentration, applied voltage, initial pH, liquid conductivity, and additives on the removal rate of PFOA were explored. The results showed that the La/Ce-TiO2 exhibited excellent catalytic effects on PFOA degradation in DBD system. When the applied voltage, PFOA concentration, pH value, and solution volume were 75 V, 100 mg/L, 3.63, and 1000 mL, respectively, the removal efficiency of PFOA was up to 97.5% by adding La4Ce1-TiO2 in DBD. The corresponding defluorination ratio, TOC removal, and decomposition yield were 62.2%, 57.3%, and 37 g/kWh, respectively. Furthermore, five main intermediates including CF3(CF2)6H, CF3(CF2)5COOH, CF3(CF2)5COH, CF3(CF2)4COOH, and CF3CF2CF3 were identified with LC–MS, and the degradation pathways of PFOA were proposed. The degradation mechanisms revealed that hydroxyl radicals play a significant role in the degradation of PFOA in the synergistic system.
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Acknowledgements
This research was supported by the Technological Progress Plan of Shandong, Grant no. 2011GGE27048, China. The authors are grateful to the anonymous reviewers for their reading of the manuscript and for their suggestions and critical comments.
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Li, S., Wang, X., Liu, L. et al. Enhanced degradation of perfluorooctanoic acid using dielectric barrier discharge with La/Ce-doped TiO2 . Environ Sci Pollut Res 24, 15794–15803 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-9246-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-9246-4