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Associations between dietary consumption and sleep quality in young Japanese males

  • Sleep Breathing Physiology and Disorders • Original Article
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Abstract

Purpose

Poor sleep quality has been reported to be a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome, as well as mental disorders including depression and anxiety. However, few studies have investigated the association between sleep quality and diet in young males. We aimed to assess this association, adjusting for psychological factors.

Methods

In this study, a total of 124 male Japanese students were analyzed. Sleep quality, diet, and psychological symptoms were assessed using self-reported questionnaires, including the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire (BDHQ), 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ12), and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) A-Trait scale.

Results

Among participants, 40% exhibited a PSQI total score ≥ 6, indicating poor sleep quality. Poor sleep quality was associated with poor mental health status and higher levels of anxiety. After adjusting for covariates including these psychological factors, poor sleep quality was significantly associated with low intakes of fat, beta-carotene, retinol, alpha-tocopherol, vitamin K, vitamin B1, daidzein, genistein, and iron. Poor sleep quality was also associated with low intake of pulses, fat and oil, as well as high intakes of sugar-sweetened beverages.

Conclusions

Our findings demonstrated that sleep quality among young Japanese males was associated with specific dietary features, independently of psychological status, which may help to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the link between sleep and sleep-related diseases.

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Acknowledgments

The authors wish to thank the participants in this study. The authors thank Kanae Sano and Haruka Nagae for their assistance with the data collection. We thank Analisa Avila, ELS, of Edanz Group (www.edanzediting.com/ac) for editing a draft of this manuscript. This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number JP15K01684.

Funding

This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number JP15K01684.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Human Environmental Sciences, Mukogawa Women’s University, 6-46 Ikebiraki-cho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8558, Japan

    Tetsuro Matsunaga

  2. Faculty of Health and Living Sciences Education, Naruto University of Education, Naruto, 772-8502, Japan

    Tetsuro Matsunaga & Kazutaka Nishikawa

  3. Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Life Sciences, SenriKinran University, Osaka, 565-0873, Japan

    Tetsuya Adachi

  4. Saiseikai-Noe Hospital, Osaka, 536-0001, Japan

    Koichiro Yasuda

Authors
  1. Tetsuro Matsunaga
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  2. Kazutaka Nishikawa
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  3. Tetsuya Adachi
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  4. Koichiro Yasuda
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Correspondence to Tetsuro Matsunaga.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the Ethical Committee of the Naruto University of Education and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Matsunaga, T., Nishikawa, K., Adachi, T. et al. Associations between dietary consumption and sleep quality in young Japanese males. Sleep Breath 25, 199–206 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-020-02077-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-020-02077-2

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