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Post-periodontal surgery propounds early repair salivary biomarkers by 1H NMR based metabolomics

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Abstract

Introduction

Oral microflora is a well-orchestrated and acts as a sequential defense mechanism for any infection related to oral disease. Chronic periodontitis is a disease of a microbial challenge to symbiosis and homeostasis. Periodontal surgery is the most promising cure with repair process during periodontal regeneration. It has an encouraging outcome in terms of early recovery biomarkers.

Objective

Saliva of periodontal surgery subjects with the chronic periodontitis have been evaluated by 1H NMR spectroscopy in search of possible early metabolic differences that could be obtained in order to see the eradication of disease which favours the symbiotic condition.

Method

The study employed 1H NMR spectroscopy on 176 human saliva samples in search of distinctive differences and their spectral data were further subjected to multivariate and quantitative analysis.

Result

The 1H NMR study of periodontal surgery samples shows clear demarcation and profound metabolic differences when compared with the diseased condition. Several metabolites such as lactate, ethanol, succinate, and glutamate were found to be of higher significance in periodontal surgery in contrast to chronic periodontitis subjects. The PLS-DA model of the studied group resulted in R2 of 0.83 and Q2 of 0.70.

Conclusion

Significant metabolites could be considered as early repair markers for chronic periodontitis disease as they are being restored to achieve symbiosis. The study, therefore, concluded the early recovery process of the diseased subjects with the restoration of possible metabolomic profile similar to the healthy controls.

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Abbreviations

CPMG:

Carr-purcell-meiboom-gill

NMR:

Nuclear magnetic resonance

NOESY:

Nuclear overhauser effect spectroscopy

PCA:

Principal component analysis

PLS-DA:

Partial least square discriminant analysis

SD:

Standard deviation

SPSS:

Statistical package for social science

TSP:

Trimethylsilyl propionate

VIP:

Variables importance in projection

ROC:

Receiver operating characteristic curve

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful for the grant funded by ICMR, New Delhi (Budget Allotment letter no.-5/4/2-7-12-NCD-II). Manvendra Pratap Singh also expresses his gratitude for the award of the fellowship. Manuscript Communication Number: IU/R&D/2018-MCN000453.

Funding

The authors are thankful for the Grant funded by ICMR, New Delhi (Budget Allotment letter no.-5/4/2-7-12-NCD-II).

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Author notes

  1. Mona Saxena

    Present address: Department of Biochemistry, Saraswati Medical College, Unnao, India

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre of Biomedical Research, formerly Centre of Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (CBMR), Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences Campus, Rae Bareli Road, Lucknow, 226014, India

    Manvendra Pratap Singh & Raja Roy

  2. Department of Periodontics, Career Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Lucknow, 226020, India

    Mona Saxena & Charanjit S. Saimbi

  3. Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, India

    Mohammed Haris Siddiqui

Authors
  1. Manvendra Pratap Singh
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  3. Charanjit S. Saimbi
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  4. Mohammed Haris Siddiqui
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  5. Raja Roy
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Contributions

MS, CSS, and RR designed the study. MPS has conducted the experiments. MPS, CSS and RR analyzed the data. The initial draft was written by MPS. CSS, MHS, and RR edited and revised the paper. Project administration of the study has carried under CSS and RR. All authors carefully read and agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Charanjit S. Saimbi or Raja Roy.

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Conflict of interest

The authors have no potential conflict of interest. The disclosure of a potential conflict of interest in the prescribed format has been obtained from all the authors.

Ethical approval

The study was ethically approved and the work was performed in strict accordance with the guidelines of Institutional Ethical Committee of the institute. The selected patients were fully informed and their consents were taken well before the investigations (Ethical approval No.- B-07: CBMR/EMP/IEC/3/26-02-2011). The authors: Manvendra Pratap Singh, Mona Saxena, Charanjit S. Saimbi, Mohammed Haris Siddiqui, and Raja Roy are aware of ethical policy.

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Singh, M.P., Saxena, M., Saimbi, C.S. et al. Post-periodontal surgery propounds early repair salivary biomarkers by 1H NMR based metabolomics. Metabolomics 15, 141 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11306-019-1593-3

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