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The Use of Cupressus arizonica as a Biomonitor of Li, Fe, and Cr Pollution in Kastamonu

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Abstract

Air pollution became an important problem that severely threatens human health, especially in urban areas. Such that it was reported that 90% of global population respire polluted air and the air pollution causes the death of approx. 7 million annually. It is known that heavy metals have a significantly high share in these deaths. Heavy metals are elements, which do not easily disintegrate in nature, can accumulate in bodies of living organisms, and can be toxic, carcinogenic, and even lethal. Thus, monitoring the changes of heavy metal concentrations in the air is very important for human and environmental health. The method most preferred for determining the change of heavy metal concentration in the atmosphere is the biomonitors. The use of annual rings of trees is one of the most accurate methods because they can provide information about the long-term change of heavy metal concentrations in the air. In the present study, it was aimed to reveal the usability of annual rings of Cupressus arizonica as a biomonitor in determining the change of Li, Fe, and Cr concentrations. Within the scope of this study, the concentrations of elements in the inner bark, outer bark, and wood in the roadsides, where there is intense traffic, and opposite sides of trees were compared and the annual changes in heavy metal concentrations in annual rings were investigated. At the end of this study, it was determined that Fe and Cr concentrations in the roadside outer barks of trees were generally at very high levels, that the annual changes of elements generally followed a fluctuating course, and that annual rings of Cupressus arizonica are very useful for monitoring the annual change of Fe concentration in the air but not for monitoring the changes in Li and Cr concentrations.

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Data Availability

The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

This research is Alican Cesur’s Master Thesis in Kastamonu University, Institute of Science, Programs of Sustainable Agriculture and Natural Plant Resources conducted one of part of this research. He sincerely thanks his Advisor’s Assoc. Prof. Dr. Mehmet Cetin and Kastamonu University. In addition, we thank Bartin University collaborate with Turkish Council of Higher Education (YÖK) for 100/2000 Doctoral Scholarship. We thank Bartin University and YÖK for the 100/2000 PhD Scholarship Project and TÜBİTAK for their support.

Funding

The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TÜBİTAK), Turkish Council of Higher Education (YOK), Bartin University: YÖK 100/2000 PhD Scholarship.

Author information

Author notes

  1. Ilknur Zeren Cetin

    Present address: Samsun Vocational School, Department of Park and Garden Plants, Program of Landscape and Ornamental Plants Cultivation, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey

  2. Mehmet Cetin

    Present address: Faculty of Architecture, Department of City and Regional Planning, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Science, Programs of Sustainable Agriculture and Natural Plant Resources, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu, 37150, Turkey

    Alican Cesur

  2. Program of Sustainable Forestry, Institute of Graduate School, Department of Forest Engineering, Bartin University, YOK 100/2000 Scholarship, Bartin, Turkey

    Ilknur Zeren Cetin

  3. Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Department of Landscape Architecture, Kastamonu University, Kuzeykent Campus, 37150, Kastamonu, Turkey

    Mehmet Cetin

  4. Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Department of Environmnetal Engineering, Kastamonu University, Kuzeykent Campus, 37150, Kastamonu, Turkey

    Hakan Sevik

  5. Faculty of Forestry, Department of Forest Engineering, Bartin University, Bartin, Turkey

    Halil Baris Ozel

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  1. Alican Cesur
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Contributions

Alican Cesur, Ilknur Zeren Cetin, Mehmet Cetin, Hakan Sevik, Halil Baris Ozel: design, resources, writing; materials, data collection and/or processing; materials, literature search, analysis and/or interpretation.

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Correspondence to Ilknur Zeren Cetin.

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Cesur, A., Zeren Cetin, I., Cetin, M. et al. The Use of Cupressus arizonica as a Biomonitor of Li, Fe, and Cr Pollution in Kastamonu. Water Air Soil Pollut 233, 193 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-022-05667-w

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