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Catalase and Phosphatase Activities During Hydrocarbon Removal from Oil-Contaminated Soil Amended with Agro-Industrial By-products and Macronutrients

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Abstract

Microbiological activities are essential in the bioremediation of polluted soils. The enzymatic activities of microorganisms are usually used as a biological indicator of soil health. The aim of this work was to observe the catalase, acid phosphatase (AcP), and alkaline phosphatase (AlP) activities in soil that was amended with agro-industrial by-products and macronutrients during the process of total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) removal. To this end, microcosm tests were performed with soil and agro-industrial by-products ratios of 100:2:2, for soil:sugarcane bagasse pith:filter cake mud (SSF); 100:2, for both soil:sugarcane bagasse pith (SS); and for soil filter cake mud (SF). The macronutrients—carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus—in the experimental treatments were adjusted to 100:10:1 with a solution of NH4NO3 and K2HPO4. The best TPH removal (51.4%) was obtained with SSF at 15 days. In addition, a significant correlation was observed between TPH removal and AlP as well as AcP (r = 0.74, p < 0.0001; r = 0.70, p < 0.0107, respectively). Fungi growth was also correlated with both AlP (r = 0.97, p < 0.0001) and AcP (r = 0.95, p < 0.0001) activities. Besides, bacterial and fungi growth showed a correlation with TPH (r = 0.86, p < 0.001; r = 0.77, p < 0.0034, respectively). It could be said that the agro-industrial by-products and macronutrients contributed to pollutant removal from the oil-polluted soil at relatively short amount of time. In addition, the enzymatic activities were increased after the treatment; in this study, the high sensitivity enzyme was AlP, and it could be used as an indirect indicator of oil pollutant removal.

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Notes

  1. Modified universal buffer (MUB) consisted of 3.025 g trishydroxymethylaminomethane, 2.9 g maleic acid, 3.5 g citric acid, 1.57 g boric acid, 1 M sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution (122 mL), and distilled water added to give a final volume of 250 mL (Skujins et al. 1962).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Chemical Sciences, University of Veracruz, Avenida Universidad Km. 7.5, Coatzacoalcos, Veracruz, Mexico

    María del Carmen Cuevas-Díaz, Oswaldo Guzmán-López, Cinthya P. Torres-López, Areli del C. Ortega-Martínez & Lizbeth J. Hermida-Mendoza

  2. Institute of Biotechnology and Applied Ecology, University of Veracruz, Av. de las Culturas Veracruzanas 101, Col. E. Zapata, CP. 91090, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico

    María del Carmen Cuevas-Díaz

  3. Faculty of Engineering, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava No. 8, Zona Universitaria, 78290, San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico

    Ángeles Martínez-Toledo

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  1. María del Carmen Cuevas-Díaz
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  2. Ángeles Martínez-Toledo
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Correspondence to Ángeles Martínez-Toledo.

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del Carmen Cuevas-Díaz, M., Martínez-Toledo, Á., Guzmán-López, O. et al. Catalase and Phosphatase Activities During Hydrocarbon Removal from Oil-Contaminated Soil Amended with Agro-Industrial By-products and Macronutrients. Water Air Soil Pollut 228, 159 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-017-3336-2

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