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The role of depression between sleep disorders and frailty among elderly patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in China: a cross-sectional study

  • Nephrology - Original Paper
  • Published:
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Abstract

Objective

To investigate the correlation among sleep disorders, physical frailty, and depression in elderly patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), and to explore the mediating role of depression.

Methods

This was a cross-sectional study, simple sampling was used to investigate the elderly CKD patients from one tertiary hospital in Shanghai. Those CKD patients who were diagnosed as CKD1-5 phase and were admitted to the Renal Medicine Ward from January to June 2022 and provided formal consent were considered for inclusion in our study. They were investigated with frailty phenotype (FP), Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), and self-made general information questionnaire. Linear regression was used to assess the associations between the variables, before this, PROCESS v4.1 was used to transform PSQI, CES-D and FP score to improve its normality, and conduct intermediary analysis. A difference of p < 0.05 was statistically significant.

Results

A total of 504 elderly patients with CKD completed the questionnaire survey, aged 60–91. The incidence of sleep disorders among elderly patients with CKD was 60%, and the incidence of physical frailty was 18%. The depression was positively correlated with physical frailty (r = 0.418, p < 0.01) and sleep disorders (r = 0.541, p < 0.01). Physical frailty was positively correlated with sleep disorders (r = 0.320, p < 0.01). The depression plays a significant mediating role in the model, and the effect ratio of depression is 52%.

Conclusion

Depression is a mediating variable between sleep disorders and frailty. Improving depression in elderly patients with CKD accompanied by sleep disorders can help delay the occurrence of frailty.

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Data availability

The original contributions presented in the study are included in the article/supplementary material, further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding author.

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Author notes

  1. Yan Wang and Shuzhi Peng authors have contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, China

    Yan Wang, Jingwen Wu, Xiang Li & Guodi Shen

  2. Graduate School of Nursing, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, China

    Yan Wang, Jingwen Wu, Xiang Li & Peiyu Jiang

  3. Graduate School, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China

    Shuzhi Peng

  4. Graduate School, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China

    Shuzhi Peng

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Contributions

YW and DS: conceptualization and visualization. JW and PJ: methodology. PJ: software. YW, DS, JW, XL, SP, and PJ: validation, investigation, and supervision. YW, JW, PJ, SP, and DS: formal analysis. DS: resources. YW, SP, and XL: data curation. YW, SP, JW and DS: writing—original draft preparation and writing—review and editing. PJ, SP, and DS: project administration and funding acquisition. All authors contributed to the article and approved the submitted version.

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Correspondence to Peiyu Jiang or Guodi Shen.

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Wang, Y., Peng, S., Wu, J. et al. The role of depression between sleep disorders and frailty among elderly patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in China: a cross-sectional study. Int Urol Nephrol 56, 2085–2092 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11255-023-03910-9

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