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Seroprevalence and risk factors for bovine brucellosis in the state of Paraná, Brazil: an analysis after 18 years of ongoing control measures

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Abstract

Seroprevalence and risk factors of bovine brucellosis (Brucella abortus) in herds and cattle were estimated by a cross-sectional study in the state of Paraná, Brazil. The state was divided into seven regions and a random, two-stage sampling was performed on properties and cattle from each region between 2018 and 2019. Serum samples were collected from 11,592 cows over 24 months from 1,757 properties and a questionnaire was applied to identify potential risk factors. As recommended by the National Program for the Control and Eradication of Animal Brucellosis and Tuberculosis (PNCEBT), serological testing for the detection of anti-Brucella antibodies included the buffered plate agglutination test (screening test) and the fluorescence polarization assay (confirmatory test). The seroprevalence of bovine brucellosis on properties and in cattle was 4.87% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.98–5.93%) and 2.24% (95% CI: 1.47–3.41%), respectively. Multiple logistic regression analysis identified larger herd size and failure to test for brucellosis as risk factors for the presence of anti-B. abortus antibodies. These results demonstrate no change in the prevalence when comparing initial studies conducted in 2002. Given our findings, it is recommended that policies for brucellosis control include a widespread vaccination program for higher prevalence areas and eradication approach to lower prevalence areas. All steps related to correct immunization of the herds should be verified and improved by training and education. Health education action must be carried out informing farmers about the risks of introducing animals not tested for brucellosis into their herds and the benefits of testing their herds regularly.

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Data availability

The following raw data are available online at https://data.mendeley.com/datasets/3ntpkdvscc/2, Table S1: Brucellosis_Parana_Animal_Prevalence, Table S2: Brucellosis_Parana_Herd_Prevalence, Table S3: Risk Factors Brucellosis—NoGeo.xlsx, and Table S4: Variables key.pdf.

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Acknowledgements

The authors wish to thank all field workers from Paraná Agribusiness Defense Agency (ADAPAR) who contribute to this research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply of Brazil (MAPA), 420, José Veríssimo Street Tarumã, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil

    Diego Leonardo Rodrigues

  2. Paraná Agribusiness Defence Agency (ADAPAR), 1559, Funcionários Street, Cabral, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil

    Elenice Aparecida Amorim

  3. Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, University of São Paulo, 87, Prof. Orlando Marques de Paiva Avenue, São Paulo, Brazil

    Fernando Ferreira, Marcos Amaku, Oswaldo Santos Baquero, José Henrique de Hildebrand e Grisi Filho, Ricardo Augusto Dias, Marcos Bryan Heinemann, Evelise Oliveira Telles & José Soares Ferreira Neto

  4. EpiPlan, Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, University of Brasília, Ala Central Do Instituto Central de Ciências, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil

    Vitor Salvador Picão Gonçalves

  5. The Epicentre, Massey University, Wool Building, University Avenue, Massey University Manawatu (Turitea), Palmerston North, 4474, New Zealand

    Cord Heuer

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  1. Diego Leonardo Rodrigues
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Contributions

Conceptualization: M.M., O.S.B., J.H.H.G.F., R.A.D., M.B.H., E.O.T., V.S.P.G., J.S.F.N., and F.F.; analyzed data: D.L.R.; performed research: D.L.R. and E.A.A..; wrote paper: D.L.R..; review and editing: J.S.F.N., V.S.P.G., and C.H. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Diego Leonardo Rodrigues.

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Rodrigues, D.L., Amorim, E.A., Ferreira, F. et al. Seroprevalence and risk factors for bovine brucellosis in the state of Paraná, Brazil: an analysis after 18 years of ongoing control measures. Trop Anim Health Prod 53, 503 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-021-02945-3

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