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Facile synthesis of CuO/Cu-MOF/GO for efficient photocatalytic benzene hydroxylation to phenol

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Abstract

Phenols are one of the most important classes of raw materials in the chemical industry, and a variety of compounds are derived from them. The direct conversion of benzene to phenol by hydroxylation is an economical and environmentally friendly method among phenol syntheses, especially when such a reaction can be driven by solar energy. Herein, for the first, a CuO/Cu-MOF/GO photocatalyst which was facilely prepared from a single Cu-MOF/GO template by partial pyrolysis. Compared to completely pyrolysis, the CuO/Cu-MOF/GO got by partial pyrolysis exhibited significantly higher photocatalytic performance towards the hydroxylation of benzene to phenol. It was characterized in detail by SEM, XRD, FT-IR, UV–Vis-DRS, XPS, and N2 adsorption–desorption method. Its catalytic performance for direct hydroxylation of benzene to phenol has been investigated. The results showed that the conversion of benzene and the yield of phenol were 38.7% and 20.1% which were 4.1 times and 5.2 times higher than those using Cu-MOF/GO, respectively. The CuO/Cu-MOF/GO heterostructures showed remarkably enhanced photocatalytic activity toward the hydroxylation of benzene to phenol, which can be attributed to the band gap narrowing and enhanced photogenerated electron–hole separation ability. This work may provide useful guidance for the design of MOF-derived photocatalyst for the applications in the hydroxylation of aromatics.

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Data availability

The data used to support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon request.

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Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 22005242), and the Shaanxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation (No. 2018JM2014).

Funding

Shaanxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation (No. 2018JM2014), National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 22005242).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an Shiyou University, Xi’an, 710065, Shaanxi, China

    Zuchao Meng, Jingyuan Shao, Weiwei Han & Zhenghui Li

  2. Shaanxi University Engineering Research Center of Oil and Gas Field Chemistry, Xi’an Shiyou University, Xi’an, 710065, China

    Zuchao Meng, Weiwei Han & Zhenghui Li

  3. Changqing Oil Field Associated Gas Comprehensive Utilization Project Department, Xi’an, 710018, Shaanxi, China

    Jingyuan Shao

Authors
  1. Zuchao Meng
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  2. Jingyuan Shao
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  3. Weiwei Han
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  4. Zhenghui Li
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Contributions

ZM contributed to investigation, methodology, and writing of the original draft. JS contributed to synthesis, performance measurement, and writing of the original draft. WH contributed to methodology. ZL contributed to performance measurement.

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Correspondence to Zuchao Meng.

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Meng, Z., Shao, J., Han, W. et al. Facile synthesis of CuO/Cu-MOF/GO for efficient photocatalytic benzene hydroxylation to phenol. Res Chem Intermed 49, 5485–5504 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11164-023-05140-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11164-023-05140-1

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