Abstract
In this current review article, a significant number of published articles were reviewed in order to provide comprehensive literature information about lactic acid (LA) and its various separation techniques. A rapid growth in the requirement of biodegradable polymers (such as polylactic acid) which are frequently used as an alternative for both manufacturing of conventional based plastic commodity materials and new materials of pertinent applications are continuously drawing ample amount of attention for the replacement of previously existing various LA separation techniques. Significant advancements are also progressively going on in the commercial applications (food as well as non-food industries) of LA. Till date, most of the LA producers use only the conventional method i.e. precipitation method which is costly and environmentally un-favourable. At present, emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) based separation technique is known as one of the most attractive and prominent technique of LA extraction from aqueous solution along with the higher extraction efficiency, low energy and chemical consumption, simplicity, and competitiveness than the other existing techniques. ELM-assisted extraction technique is one of the rapid developing technology in the area of separation and purification technology. This current literature survey will be very useful in the view of detail study of LA (its methods (chemical as well as fermentation) of production, current & commercial applications, and pertinent properties) and in the selection of its appropriate separation technique. In this review, a promising technique in the separation process called ELM along with its current advances is proposed for LA separation from the dilute aqueous solutions of the various fermentation-based industries.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abdel-Rahman MA, Sonomoto K (2016) Opportunities to overcome the current limitations and challenges for efficient microbial production of optically pure lactic acid. J Biotechnol 236:176–192
Abdel-Rahman MA, Tashiro Y, Sonomoto K (2011) Lactic acid production from lignocellulose-derived sugars using lactic acid bacteria: overview and limits. J Biotechnol 156:286–301
Abdel-Rahman MA, Tashiro Y, Sonomoto K (2013) Recent advances in lactic acid production by microbial fermentation processes. Biotechnol Adv 31:877–902
Abdulazizi M, Musayev S (2017) Multicomponent biosorption of heavy metals from aqueous solutions: a review. Pol J Environ Stud 26:1433–1441
Ahmad AL, Buddin MMHS, Ooi BS (2015) Extraction of Cd (II) ions by emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) using aliquat336 as carrier. Am J Chem 5:1–6
Ahmad AL, Buddin MMHS, Ooi BS, Kusumastuti A (2017) Utilization of environmentally benign emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) for cadmium extraction from aqueous solution. J Water Process Eng 15:26–30
Aleksandra DV, Ljiljana M, Svetlana N, Jelena P, Suncica KT, Katarina M (2013) Distillery stillage as a new substrate for lactic acid production in batch and fed-batch fermentation. Chem Eng Trans 34:97–102
Ali I, Asim M, Khan TA (2012) Low cost adsorbents for the removal of organic pollutants from wastewater. J Environ Manag 113:170–183
Aljundi IH, Belovich JM, Talu O (2005) Adsorption of lactic acid from fermentation broth and aqueous solutions on zeolite molecular sieves. Chem Eng Sci 60:5004–5009
Alkaya E, Kaptan S, Ozkan L, Uludag-Demirer S, Demirer GN (2009) Recovery of acids from anaerobic acidification broth by liquid-liquid extraction. Chemosphere 77:1137–1142
Anjana DN, Surendra K (2008) Kinetic modeling of lactic acid production from molasses using Enterococcus faecalis RKY1. Biochem Eng J 38:277–284
Antony FW, Wasewar K (2019) Reactive extraction: a promising approach to separate protocatechuic acid. Environ Sci Pollut Res. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-06094-x
Aqar DY, Abdel-Rahmanjan N, Muitaba IM (2016) Integrated batch reactive distillation column configurations for optimal synthesis of methyl lactate. Chem Eng Process 108:197–211
Asci YS, Inci I (2012) A novel approach for itaconic acid extraction: mixture of trioctylamine and tridodecylamine in different diluents. J Ind Eng Chem 18:1705–1709
Asthana N, Kolah A, Vu DT, Lira CT, Miller D (2005) A continuous reactive separation process for ethyl lactate formation. Org Process Res Dev 9:599–607
Ataei SA, Vasheghani FE (2008) In situ separation of lactic acid from fermentation broth using ion exchange resins. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 35:1229–1233
Aydogan O, Bayraktar E, Mehmetoglu U (2011) Aqueous two-phase extraction of lactic acid: optimization by response surface methodology. Sep Sci Technol 46:1164–1171
Babilas D, Dydo P (2018) Selective zinc recovery from electroplating wastewaters by electrodialysis enhanced with complex formation. Sep Purif Technol 192:419–428
Badgujar V, Rastogi NK (2011) Extraction of phenol from aqueous effluent using triglycerides in supported liquid membrane. Desalin Water Treat 36:187–196
Baker RW (2004) Membrane technology and applications. Wiley, Hoboken
Bart HJ, Drumm C, Attarakih MM (2008) Process intensification with reactive extraction columns. Chem Eng Process 47:745–754
Bernado MP, Coelho LF, Sass DC, Contiro J (2016) l-(+)-Lactic acid production by Lactobacillus rhamnosus B103 from dairy industry waste. Braz J Microbiol 47:640–646
Bishai M, De S, Adhikari B, Banerjee R (2015) A platform technology of recovery of lactic acid from a fermentation broth of novel substrate Zizyphus oenophlia. 3 Biotech 5:455–463
Boonsongsawat T, Shotipruk A, Tantayakom V, Prasitchoke P, Chandavasu C, Boonnoun P, Muangnapoh C (2012) Solvent extraction of biologically derived 1,3-propanediol with ethyl acetate and ethanol cosolvent. Sep Sci Technol 45:541–547
Breisig H, Schmidt M, Wolff H, Jupke A, Wessling M (2017) Droplet-based liquid–liquid extraction inside a porous capillary. Chem Eng J 307:143–149
Bustos G, Torre N, Moldes AB, Cruz JM, Dominguez JM (2007) Revalorization of hemicellulosic trimming vine shoots hydrolyzates trough continuous production of lactic acid and biosurfactants by L. pentosus. J Food Eng 78:405–412
Castillo Martinez FA, Balciunas EM, Salgado JM, González JMD, Converti A, Oliveira RPS (2013) Lactic acid properties, applications and production: a review. Trends Food Sci Tech 30:70–83
Chang SH (2014) Vegetable oil as organic solvent for wastewater treatment in liquid membrane processes. Desalin Water Treat 52:88–101
Chang HS, Teng TT, Ismail N (2010) Extraction of Cu-(II) from aqueous solutions by vegetable oil-based organic solvents. J Hazard Mater 181:868–872
Chang HS, Teng TT, Ismail N (2011a) Cu (II) transport through soybean oil-based bulk liquid membrane: kinetic study. Chem Eng J 173:352–360
Chang SH, Teng TT, Ismail N, Alkarkhi AFM (2011b) Selection of design parameters and optimization of operating parameters of soybean oil-based bulk liquid membrane for Cu (II) removal and recovery from aqueous solutions. J Hazard Mater 190:197–204
Chanukya BS, Kumar M, Rastogi NK (2013) Optimization of lactic acid pertraction using liquid emulsion membranes by response surface methodology. Sep Purif Technol 111:1–8
Chawong K, Rattanaphanee P (2011) Butan-1-ol as an extractant for lactic acid recovery. World Acad Sci Eng Technol 5:1324–1327
Chen L, Zeng A, Dong H, Li Q, Niu C (2012) A novel process for recovery and refining of L-lactic acid from fermentation broth. Biores Technol 112:280–284
Chen GQ, Eschbach FII, Weeks M, Gras SL, Kentish SE (2016) Removal of lactic acid from acid whey using electrodialysis. Sep Purif Technol 158:230–237
Chen K, Hao S, Lyu H, Luo G, Zhang S, Chen J (2017) Ion exchange separation for recovery of monosaccharides, organic acids and phenolic compounds from hydrolysates of lignocellulosic biomass. Sep Purif Technol 172:100–106
Coelho LF, Lima CJB, Rodovalho CM, Bernardo MP, Contiero J (2011) Lactic acid production by new Lactobacillus plantarum LMISM6 grown in molasses: optimization of medium composition. Braz J Chem Eng 28:27–36
Daful AG, Haigh K, Vaskan P, Gorgens JF (2016) Environmental impact assessment of lignocellulosic lactic acid production: integrated with existing sugar mills. Food Bioprod Process 99:58–70
Dai JY, Sun YQ, Xiu ZL (2014) Separation of bio-based chemicals from fermentation broths by salting-out extraction. Eng Life Sci 14:108–117
Datta R, Henry M (2006) Lactic acid: recent advances in products, processes and technologies-a review. J Chem Technol Biotechnol 81:1119–1129
Datta R, Tsai SP, Bonsignore P, Moon SH, Frank JR (1995) Technological and economical potential of polylactic acid and lactic acid derivatives. FEMS Microbiol Rev 16:221–231
Datta D, Kumar S, Uslu H (2015) Status of the reactive extraction as a method of separation. J Chem 2015:1–16
Davison BH, Nghiem NP, Richardson GL (2004) Succinic acid adsorption from fermentation broth and regeneration. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 113–116:653–669
De BS, Wasewar KL, Dhongde V (2018a) Extractive separation of protocatechuic acid using natural non-toxic solvents and conventional solvents. Chem Data Collect 15–16:244–253
De BS, Wasewar KL, Dhongde VR, Ingle AA, Mondal H (2018b) Experimental and modeling of reactive separation of protocatechuic acid. Chem Eng Res Des 132:593–605
Delcheva I, Ralston J, Beattie DA, Krasowska M (2015) Static and dynamic wetting behaviour of ionic liquids. Adv Colloid Interfac Sci 222:162–171
Dhillon GS, Brar SK, Verma M, Tyagi RD (2011) Recent advances in citric acid bioproduction and recovery. Food Bioprocess Technol 4:505–529
Djas M, Henczka M (2018) Reactive extraction of carboxylic acids using organic solvents and supercritical fluids: a review. Sep Purif Technol 201:106–119
Dubreuil MFS, Servaes K, Ormerod D, Houtven DV, Carrero WP, Vandezande P, Vanermen G, Buekenhoudt A (2017) Selective membrane separation technology for biomass valorization towards bio-aromatics. Sep Purif Technol 178:56–65
Dusselier M, Wouwe PV, Dewaele A, Makshina E, Sels BF (2013) Lactic acid as a platform chemical in the bio-based economy: the role of chemo-catalysis. Energy Environ Sci 6:1415–1442
Frieling PV, Schugerl K (1999) Recovery of lactic acid from aqueous model solutions and fermentation broths. Process Biochem 34:685–696
Fu F, Wang Q (2011) Removal of heavy metal ions from wastewaters: a review. J Environ Manage 92:407–418
Fu H, Sun Y, Teng H, Zhang D, Xiu Z (2015) Salting-out extraction of carboxylic acids. Sep Purif Technol 139:36–42
Gao MT, Shimamura T, Ishida N, Nagamori E, Takahashi H, Uemoto S, Omasa T, Ohtake H (2009) Extractive lactic acid fermentation with tri-n-decylamine as the extractant. Enzyme Microb Technol 44:350–354
Gao C, Ma C, Xu P (2011) Biotechnological routes based on lactic acid production from biomass. Biotechnol Adv 29:930–939
Garavand F, Razavi SH, Cacciotti I (2018) Synchronized extraction and purification of L-lactic acid from fermentation broth by emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) technique. J Dispers Sci Technol 39:1291–1299
Garba ZN, Zhou W, Lawan I, Xiao W, Mingxi Zhang M, Wang L, Chen L, Yuan Z (2019) An overview of chlorophenols as contaminants and their removal from wastewater by adsorption: a review. J Environ Manag 241:59–75
Garcia-Serna J, Perez-Barrigon L, Cocero MJ (2007) Review: new trends for design towards sustainability in chemical engineering: green engineering. Chem Eng J 133:7–30
Ghaffar T, Irshad M, Anwar Z, Aqil T, Zulifqar Z, Tariq A, Kamran M, Ehsan N, Mehmood S (2014) Recent trends in lactic acid biotechnology: a brief review on production to purification. J Radiat Res Appl Sci 7:222–229
Gonzalez MI, Lvarez S, Riera F, Alvarez R (2007) Economic evaluation of an integrated process for lactic acid production from ultra-filtered whey. J Food Eng 80:553–561
Gorden J, Zeiner T, Brandenbusch C (2015) Reactive extraction of cis, cis-muconic acid. Fluid Phase Equilib 393:78–84
Goyal RK, Jayakumar NS, Hashim MA (2011) Chromium removal by emulsion liquid membrane using [BMIM] + [NTf2]− as stabilizer and TOMAC as extractant. Desalination 278:50–56
Grabda M, Panigrahi M, Oleszek S, Kozak D, Eckert F, Shibata E, Nakamur T (2014) COSMO-RS screening for efficient ionic liquid extraction solvents for NdCl3 and DyCl3. Fluid Phase Equilib 383:134–143
Habova V, Melzoch K, Rychtera M, Pribyl L, Mejta V (2001) Application of electrodailysis for lactic acid recovery. J Food Sci 19:73–80
Habova V, Melzoch K, Rychtera M, Sekavova B (2004) Electrodialysis as a useful technique for lactic acid separation from a model solution and a fermentation broth. Desalination 163:361–372
Han DH, Hong YK, Hong WH (2000) Separation characteristics of lactic acid in reactive extraction and stripping. Korean J Chem Eng 17:528–533
Harington T, Hossain M (2008) Extraction of lactic acid into sunflower oil and its recovery into an aqueous solution. Desalination 218:287–296
Henczka M, Djas M (2016) Reactive extraction of acetic acid and propionic acid using super critical carbon dioxide. J Supercrit Fluids 110:154–160
Hong YK, Hong WH, Han DH (2001) Application of reactive extraction to recovery of carboxylic acids. Biotechnol Bioproc Eng 6:386–394
Huang LP, Jin B, Lant P, Zhou J (2003) Biotechnological production of lactic acid integrated with potato wastewater treatment by Rhizopus arrhizus. J Chem Technol Biotechnol 78:899–906
Huang H, Yang ST, Ramey DE (2004) A hollow fiber membrane extraction process for recovery and separation of lactic acid from aqueous solution. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 114:671–688
Huang C, Xu T, Zhang Y, Xue Y, Chen G (2007) Application of electrodialysis to the production of organic acids: state-of-the-art and recent developments. J Membr Sci 288:1–12
Idler C, Venus J, Kamm B (2015) Microorganisms for the production of lactic acid and organic lactates. Microbiol Monogr 26:225–273
Jaime-Ferrer JS, Couallier E, Viers PH, Rakib M (2009) Two-compartment bipolar membrane electrodialysis for splitting of sodium formate into formic acid and sodium hydroxide: modelling. J Membr Sci 328:75–80
Jaroszek H, Dydo P (2016) Ion-exchange membranes in chemical synthesis- a review. Open Chem 14:1–19
Jenkin GRT, Bassam AZM, Harris RC, Abbott AP, Smith DJ, Holwell DA, Chapman RJ, Stanley CJ (2015) The application of deep eutectic solvent ionic liquids for environmentally-friendly dissolution and recovery of precious metals. Miner Eng 87:18–24
Joglekar HG, Abdel-Rahman I, Babu S, Kulkarni BD, Joshi (2006) A Comparative assessment of downstream processing options for lactic acid. Sep Purif Technol 52:1–17
John RP, Nampoothiri MK, Pandey A (2007) Fermentative production of lactic acid from biomass: an overview on process developments and future perspectives. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 74:524–534
John RP, Nampoothiri MK, Pandey A (2008) l-(+)-Lactic acid recovery from cassava bagasse based fermented medium using anion exchange resins. Braz Arch Biol Technol 51:1241–1248
Johnson BR, Eldred TB, Nguyen AT, Payne WM, Schmidt EE, Alansari AY, Amburgey JE, Poler JC (2016) High-capacity and rapid removal of refractory NOM using nanoscale anion exchange resin. ACS Appl Mater Interf 8:18540–18549
Juang RS, Huang RH, Wu RT (1997) Separation of citric and lactic acids in aqueous solutions by solvent extraction and liquid membrane processes. J Membr Sci 136:89–99
Jusoh N, Othman N (2016) Stability of water-in-oil emulsion in liquid membrane prospect. Malay J Fundam Appl Sci 12:114–116
Jusoh N, Noah NFM, Othman N (2018) Extraction and recovery optimization of succinic acid using green emulsion liquid membrane containing palm oil as the diluent. Environ Prog Sustain Ener 38:1–9
Kar A, Bagde A, Athankar KK, Wasewar KL, Shende DZ (2017) Reactive extraction of acrylic acid with tri-n-butyl phosphate in natural oils. J Chem Technol Biotechnol 92:2825–2834
Kaul RH, Tornvall U, Gustafsson L, Borjesson P (2007) Industrial biotechnology for the production of bio-based chemicals a cradle-to-grave perspective. Trends Biotechnol 25:119–124
Kim SM, Na JG, Lee MK, Ryu H, Chang YK, Triolo JM, Yun YM, Kim DH (2016) More value from food waste: lactic acid and biogas recovery. Water Res 96:208–216
Kirchhoff MM (2003) Promoting green engineering through green chemistry. Environ Sci Technol 37:5349–5353
Kocherginsky NM, Yang Q, Seelam L (2007) Recent advances in supported liquid membrane technology. Sep Purif Technol 53:171–177
Kohli HP, Gupta S, Chakraborty M (2018) Extraction of Ethylparaben by emulsion liquid membrane: statistical analysis of operating parameters. Colloids Surf A: Physicochem Eng Aspects 539:371–381
Komatsuka T, Kusakabe A, Nagai K (2008) Characterization and gas transport properties of poly (lactic acid) blend membranes. Desalination 234:212–220
Komesu A, Martinez PFM, Lunelli BH, Moritac AT, Coutinhoc PLA, Filho RM, Maciel MRW (2013) Lactic acid purification by hybrid short path evaporation. Chem Eng Trans 32:2017–2022
Komesu A, Martins PF, Lunelli BH, Oliveira J, Maciel Filho R, Wolf Maciel MR (2014) Evaluation of lactic acid purification from fermentation broth by hybrid short path evaporation using factorial experimental design. Sep Purif Technol 136:233–240
Komesu A, Martinez PFM, Lunelli BH, Filho RM, Maciel MRW (2015) Lactic acid purification by reactive distillation system using design of experiments. Chem Eng Process Process Intensif 95:26–30
Komesu A, Wolf Maciel MR, Oliveira J, Martins LHS, Maciel Filho R (2016) Purification of lactic acid produced by fermentation: focus on non-traditional distillation processes. Sep Purif Rev 46:241–254
Komesu A, Oliveira JARD, Martins LHDS, Maciel MRW, Maciel Filho R (2017) Lactic acid production to purification: a review. BioResources 12:4364–4383
Krzyzaniak A, Leeman M, Vossebeld F, Visser TJ, Schuur B, Haan AB (2013) Novel extractants for the recovery of fermentation derived lactic acid. Sep Purif Technol 111:82–89
Krzyzaniak A, Schuur B, Haan AB (2014) Equilibrium studies on lactic acid extraction with N, N-didodecylpyridin-4-amine (DDAP) extractant. Chem Eng Sci 109:236–243
Kulkarni SS, Juvekar VA, Mukhopadhyay S (2018a) Intensification of emulsion liquid membrane extraction of uranium (VI) by replacing nitric acid with sodium nitrate solution. Chem Eng Process Intensif 125:18–26
Kulkarni VV, Golder AK, Ghosh PK (2018b) Synthesis and characterization of carboxylic cation exchange bio-resin for heavy metal remediation. J Hazard Mater 341(2018):207–217
Kumar A, Thakur A (2019) Parametric optimization of green synergistic reactive extraction (GSRE) of lactic acid using trioctylamine, aliquat336, and butan-2-ol in sunflower oil by response surface methodology (RSM). Chem Eng Commun 206:1072–1086
Kumar A, Thakur A, Panesar PS (2018a) Lactic acid extraction using environmentally benign green emulsion ionic liquid membrane. J Clean Prod 181:574–583
Kumar A, Thakur A, Panesar PS (2018b) Stability analysis of environmentally benign green emulsion liquid membrane. J Dispers Sci Technol 39:1510–1517
Kumar A, Thakur A, Panesar PS (2018c) Statistical optimization of lactic acid extraction using green emulsion ionic liquid membrane (GEILM). J Environ Chem Eng 6:1855–1864
Kumar A, Thakur A, Panesar PS (2019a) Extraction of hexavalent chromium by environmentally benign green emulsion liquid membrane using tridodecyamine as an extractant. J Ind Eng Chem 70:394–401
Kumar A, Thakur A, Panesar PS (2019b) A comparative study on experimental and response surface optimization of lactic acid synergistic extraction using green emulsion liquid membrane. Sep Purif Technol 211:54–62
Kumar A, Thakur A, Panesar PS (2019c) A review on emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) for the treatment of various industrial effluent streams. Rev Environ Sci Biotechnol 18:153–182
Kumar A, Thakur A, Panesar PS (2019d) Recent developments on sustainable solvents for emulsion liquid membrane processes. J Clean Prod 240:118250
Kumbasar RA (2010) Selective extraction of chromium (VI) from multicomponent acidic solutions by emulsion liquid membranes using tributhylphosphate as carrier. J Hazard Mater 178:875–882
Kurniawan TA, Chan GYS, Lo WH, Babel S (2006) Physico-chemical treatment techniques for wastewater laden with heavy metals. Chem Eng J 118:83–98
Kwak H, Hwang DW, Hwang YK, Chang J (2012) Recovery of alkyl lactate from ammonium lactate by an advanced precipitation process. Sep Purif Technol 93:25–32
Lasprilla AJR, Martinez GAR, Lunelli BH, Jardini AL, Filho RM (2012) Poly-lactic acid synthesis for application in biomedical devices — A review. Biotechnol Adv 30:321–328
Lee SC (2008) Development of a more efficient emulsion liquid membrane system with a dilute polymer solution for extraction of penicillin G. J Ind Eng Chem 14:207–212
Levchuk I, Marquez JJR, Sillanpaa M (2018) Removal of natural organic matter (NOM) from water by ion exchange: a review. Chemosphere 192:90–104
Li Y, Shahbazi A, Williams K, Wan C (2008) Separate and concentrate lactic acid using combination of nano-filtration and reverse osmosis membranes. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 147:1–9
Li Z, Teng H, Xiu Z (2011) Extraction of 1,3-propanediol from glycerol-based fermentation broths with methanol/phosphate aqueous two-phase system. Process Biochem 46:586–591
Li X, Chen Y, Zhao S, Chen H, Zheng X, Luo J, Liu Y (2015) Efficient production of optically pure l-lactic acid from food waste at ambient temperature by regulating key enzyme activity. Water Res 70:148–157
Li QZ, Jiang XL, Feng XJ, Wang JM, Sun C, Zhang HB, Xian M, Liu HZ (2016) Recovery processes of organic acids from fermentation broths in the biomass-based industry. J Microbiol Biotechnol 26:1–8
Li C, Duan C, Fang J, Li H (2019) Review: process intensification and energy saving of reactive distillation for production of ester compounds. Chin J Chem Eng 27:1307–1323
Lianfu Z, Zelong L (2008) Optimization and comparison of ultrasound/microwave assisted extraction (UMAE) and ultrasonic assisted extraction (UAE) of lycopene from tomatoes. Ultrason Sonochem 15:731–737
Liu L, Zhu Y, Li JH, Wang M, Lee P, Du GC, Chen J (2012) Microbial production of propionic acid from propioni bacteria: current state, challenges and perspectives. Crit Rev Biotechnol 32:374–381
Lopez-Garzon CS, Straathof AJJ (2014) Recovery of carboxylic acids produced by fermentation. Biotechnol Adv 32:873–904
Lozano LJ, Godınez C, Rios AP, Fernandez FJH, Segado SS, Alguacil FJ (2011) Recent advances in supported ionic liquid membrane technology. J Membr Sci 376:1–14
Lunelli BH, Andrade RR, Atala DI, Wolf MMR, Maugeri FF, Maceil FR (2010) Production of lactic acid from sucrose: strain selection, fermentation, and kinetic modeling. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 161:227–237
Ma H, Kokkilic OK, Waters KE (2017) The use of the emulsion liquid membrane technique to remove copper ions from aqueous systems using statistical experimental design. Miner Eng 107:88–99
Makanyire T, Segado SS, Jha A (2016) Separation and recovery of critical metal ions using ionic liquids. Adv Manuf 4:33–46
Matsumoto M, Takahashi T, Fukushima K (2003) Synergistic extraction of lactic acid with alkylamine and tri-n-butylphosphate: effects of amines, diluents and temperature. Sep Purif Technol 33:89–93
Matsumoto M, Ohtake T, Hirata M, Hano T (2010) Extraction rates of amino acids by an emulsion liquid membrane with tri-n-octylmethylammonium chloride. J Chem Technol Biotechnol 73:237–242
Matsumoto M, Panigrahi A, Murakami Y, Kondo K (2011) Effect of ammonium-and phosphonium-based ionic liquids on the separation of lactic acid by supported ionic liquid membranes (SILMs). Membranes 1:98–108
Min D, Choi KH, Chang YK, Kim J (2011) Effect of operating parameters on precipitation for recovery of lactic acid from calcium lactate fermentation broth. Korean J Chem Eng 28:1969–1974
Molladavoodi S, Gorbet M, Medley J, Kwon HJ (2013) Investigation of microstructure, mechanical properties and cellular viability of poly (l-lactic acid) tissue engineering scaffolds prepared by different thermally induced phase separation protocols. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 17:186–197
Molnar E, Nemestothy N, Belafi-Bako K (2010) Utilisation of bipolar electrodialysis for recovery of galacturonic acid. Desalination 250:1128–1131
Mulholland KL, Sylvester RW, Dyer JA (2000) Sustainability: waste minimization, green chemistry and inherently safer processing. Environ Progress 19:260–268
Muthia R, Reijneveld AGT, Ham AGJ, Kate AJB, Bargeman G, Kersten SRA, Kiss AA (2018) Novel method for mapping the applicability of reactive distillation. Chem Eng Process: Process Intensif 128:263–275
Nair NR, Nampoothir MK, Banarjee R, Reddy G (2016) Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) of jackfruit seed powder (JFSP) to l-lactic acid and to polylactide polymer. Bior Technol 213:283–288
Najafi A, Kargari A, Soleimani M (2013) Extraction of palladium from aqueous wastewaters using Alamine300 as extractant. Desalin Water Treat 53:2177–2183
Nakano S, Ugwu CU, Tokiwa Y (2012) Efficient production od d-(−)-lactic acid from broken rice by Lactobacillus delbrueckii using Ca(OH)2 as a neutralizing agent. Bioresour Technol 104:791–794
Nancib A, Nancib N, Boubendir A, Boudrant J (2015) The use of date waste for lactic acid production by a fed-batch culture using Lactobacillus casei subsp. rhamnosus. Braz J Microbiol 46:893–902
Narayana N, Roychoudhury PK, Srivastava A (2004) l-(+) - lactic acid fermentation and its product polymerization. Electron J Biotechnol 7:1–13
Naveena BJ, Altaf M, Bhadrayya K, Reddy G (2004) Production of l-(+)-lactic acid by lactobacillus amylophilus GV6 in semi-solid-state fermentation using wheat bran. Food Technol Biotechnol 42:147–152
Nelson WM (2003) Green solvents for synthesi. Perspectives and practices. Oxford University Press, New York
Noah NFM, Othman N, Jusoh N (2016) Highly selective transport of palladium from electroplating wastewater using emulsion liquid membrane process. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 64:134–141
Okano K, Tanaka T, Ogino C, Fukuda H, Kondo A (2010) Biotechnological production of enantiomeric pure lactic acid from renewable resources: recent achievements, perspectives, and limits. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 85:413–423
Oliveira FS, Araújo JMM, Ferreira R, Rebelo LPN, Marrucho IM (2012) Extraction of L-lactic, L-malic, and succinic acids using phosphonium-based ionic liquids. Sep Purif Technol 85:137–146
Ooi ZY, Harruddin N, Othman N (2015) Recovery of kraft lignin from pulping wastewater via emulsion liquid membrane process. Biotechnol Progress 31:1305–1314
Orozco FG, Gonzalez AV, Maldonado DJA, Zuluaga F, Oyosa LEF, Gaviria LMA (2014) Lactic acid yield using different bacterial strains, its purification, and polymerization through ring-opening reactions. Int J Poly Sci 2014:1–7
Othman N, Zailani SN, Mili N (2011) Recovery of synthetic dye from simulated wastewater using emulsion liquid membrane process containing tri-dodecyl amine as a mobile carrier. J Hazard Mater 198:103–112
Othman N, Noah NFM, Poh KW, Yi OZ (2016) The High performance of chromium recovery from aqueous waste solution using a mixture of palm-oil in emulsion liquid membrane. Proc Eng 148:765–773
Othman N, Sulaiman RNR, Abdel-Rahman HA, Noah NFM, Jusoh N, Idroas M (2018) Simultaneous extraction and enrichment of reactive dye using green emulsion liquid membrane system. Environ Technol 17:1–9
Ouyang J, Ma R, Zheng Z, Cai C, Zhang M, Jiang T (2013) Open fermentative production of L-lactic acid by Bacillus sp. strain NL01 using lignocellulosic hydrolyzates as low-cost raw material. Bioresour Technol 135:475–480
Pal P, Dey P (2012) Developing a sustainable technology for clean production of lactic acid. Int. Conf Chem Ecol Environ Sci 1:166–170
Pal P, Sikder J, Roy S, Giorno L (2009) Process intensification in lactic acid production: a review of membrane-based processes. Chem Eng Process 48:1549–1559
Patnaik PR (1995) Liquid emulsion membranes: principles, problems and applications in fermentation processes. Biotechnol Adv 13:175–208
Perumal M, Soundarajan B, Vengara NT (2018) Extraction of Cr(VI) by pickering emulsion liquid membrane using amphiphilic silica nanowires (ASNWs) as a surfactant. J Dispers Sci Technol 40:1046–1055
Pessione A, Zapponi M, Mandili G, Fattori P, Mangiapane E, Mazzoli R, Pessione E (2014) Enantioselective lactic acid production by an Enterococcus faecium strain showing potential agro-industrial waste bioconversion: physiological and proteomic studies. J Biotechnol 173:31–40
Pinacci P, Radaelli M (2002) Recovery of citric acid from fermentation broths by electrodialysis with bipolar membranes. Desalination 148:177–179
Poole CF, Poole SK (2010) Extraction of organic compounds with ionic liquids. J Chromatogr A 1217:2268–2286
Quintero J, Acosta A, Mejia C, Rios R, Torres AM (2012) Purification of lactic acid obtained from a fermentative process of cassava syrup using ion exchange resins. Rev Fac Ing Univ Antioquia 65:139–151
Rajasimman M, Sangeetha R, Karthik P (2009) Statistical optimization of process parameters for the extraction of chromium (VI) from pharmaceutical wastewater by emulsion liquid membrane. Chem Eng J 150:275–279
Reddy G, Altaf MD, Naveena BJ, Venkateshwar M, Kumar VE (2008) Amylolytic bacterial lactic acid fermentation -a review. Biotechnol Adv 26:22–34
Reimann W (2005) Down streaming of lactic acid from hydrolysate of barley after fermentation. Agric Eng Int 7:1–16
Reyhanitash E, Zaalberg B, Ijmker HM, Kersten SRA, Schuur B (2015) CO2-enhanced extraction of acetic acid from fermented wastewater. Green Chem 17:4393–4400
Roque L, Escudero I, Benito JM (2015) Lactic acid recovery by microfiltration using niosomes as extraction agents. Sep Purif Technol 151:1–13
Sirkar KK (1997) Membrane separation technologies: current developments. Chem Eng Commun 157:145–184
Song H, Lee SY (2006) Production of succinic acid by bacterial fermentation. Enzyme Microb Technol 39:352–361
Spiricheva OV, Senko OV, Veremeenko DV, Efremenko EN (2007) Lactic acid production by immobilized cells of the fungus rhizopus oryzae with simultaneous product extraction. Theor Found Chem Eng 41:150–153
Srivastava A, Bhagat A, Sharma U, Dohare RJ, Singh K, Upadhyaya S (2017) Comparative study of arsenic (V) removal from aqueous solution using Aliquat336 and 2-ethyl hexanol through emulsion liquid membrane. J Water Process Eng 16:64–68
Sulaiman RNR, Othman N, Noah NFM, Jusoh N (2018) Removal of nickel from industrial effluent using synergistic mixtures of acidic and solvating carriers in palm oil-based diluent via supported liquid membrane process. Chem Eng Res Des 137:360–375
Sun X, Wang Q, Zhao W, Ma H, Sakata K (2006) Extraction and purification of lactic acid from fermentation broth by esterification and hydrolysis method. Sep Purif Technol 49:43–48
Sun J, Rao B, Zhang L, Shen Y, Wei D (2012) Extraction of acetoin from fermentation broth using an acetone/phosphate aqueous two-phase system. Chem Eng Commun 199:1492–1503
Tang B, Bi W, Tian M, Row KH (2012) Application of ionic liquid for extraction and separation of bioactive compounds from plants. J Chromatogr B 904:1–21
Tang J, Liang S, Dong B, Li Y, Yao S (2019) Extraction and quantitative analysis of tropane alkaloids in radix physochlainae by emulsion liquid membrane with tropine-based ionic liquid. J Chromatogr A 1583:9–18
Thien MP, Hatton TA (1988) Liquid emulsion membranes and their applications in biochemical processing. Sep Sci Technol 23:819–853
Thummarungsan N, Pattavarakorn D, Sirivat A (2016) Softened and flexible biodegradable poly (lactic acid) and its electromechanical properties for actuator application. J Mech Behaviour Bio Mater 64:31–42
Tian Y, Meng X, Shi L (2014) Removal of dimethyl di-sulfide via extraction using imidazolium-based phosphoric ionic liquids. Fuel 129:225–230
Tong WY, Fu XY, Lee SM, Yu J, Liu JW, Wei DZ, Mokoo Y (2004) Purification of l-(+)-lactic acid from fermentation broth with paper sludge as a cellulosic feedstock using weak anion exchanger Amberlite IRA-92. Biochem Eng J 18:89–91
Tonova K, Svinyarov I, Bogdanov MG (2014) Hydrophobic 3-alkyl-1-methylimidazolium saccharinates as extractants for l-lactic acid recovery. Sep Purif Technol 125:239–246
Tsai CC, Chan CF, Huang WY, Lin JS, Chan P, Liu HY, Lin YS (2013) Applications of lactobacillus rhamnosus spent culture supernatant in cosmetic antioxidation, whitening and moisture retention application. Molecules 18:14161–14171
Uslu H, Datta D, Santos D, Bamufleh HS, Bayat C (2016) Separation of 2,4,6-trinitrophenol from aqueous solution by liquid-liquid extraction method: equilibrium, kinetics, thermodynamics and molecular dynamic simulation. Chem Eng J 299:342–352
Venkatesan S, Begum KMMS (2009) Emulsion liquid membrane pertraction of imidazole from dilute aqueous solutions by Aliquat-336 mobile carrier. Desalination 236:65–77
Venkateswaran P, Palanivelu K (2006) Recovery of phenol from aqueous solution by supported liquid membrane using vegetable oils as liquid membrane. J Hazard Mater 131:146–152
Vijayakumar J, Rajendran A, Thangavelu V (2008) Recent trends in the production, purification and application of acetic acid. Chem Biochem Eng 22:245–264
Waghmare MD, Wasewar KL, Sonawane SS, Shende DZ (2011) Natural nontoxic solvents for recovery of picolinic acid by reactive extraction. Ind Eng Chem Res 50:13526–13537
Waghmare MD, Wasewar KL, Sonawane SS, Shende DZ (2013) Reactive extraction of picolinic and nicotinic acid by natural non-toxic solvent. Sep Purif Technol 120:296–303
Wang K, Chang Z, Ma Y, Lei C, Jin S, Wu Y, Mahmood I, Hua C, Liu H (2009) Equilibrium study on reactive extraction of propionic acid with N1923 in different diluents. Fluid Phase Equilib 278:103–108
Wang Y, Wang Y, Zhang X, Xu T (2012) In situ combination of fermentation and electrodialysis with bipolar membranes for the production of lactic acid: operational compatibility and uniformity. Bioresour Technol 125:165–171
Wang J, Wang Q, Xu Z, Zhang W, Xiang J (2015a) Effect of fermentation conditions on l-lactic acid production from soybean straw hydrolysate. J Microbiol Biotechnol 25:26–32
Wang Y, Cai D, He M, Wang Z, Qin P, Tan T (2015b) Open fermentative production of l-lactic acid using white rice bran by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation. Bioresour Technol 198:664–672
Wang J, Luo J, Feng S, Li H, Wan Y, Zhang X (2016) Review article: recent development of ionic liquid membranes. Green Energy Environ 1:43–61
Wasewar KL (2005) Separation of lactic acid: recent advances. Chem Biochem Eng 19:159–172
Wasewar KL (2012) Reactive extraction: an intensifying approach for carboxylic acid separation. Int J Chem Eng Appl 3:249–255
Wasewar KL, Heesink ABM, Versteeg GF, Pangarkar VG (2002) Reactive extraction of lactic acid using alamine 336 in MIBK: equilibria and kinetics. J Biotechnol 97:59–68
Wasewar KL, Pangarkar VG, Heesink ABM, Versteeg GF (2003) Intensification of enzymatic conversion of glucose to lactic acid by reactive extraction. Chem Eng Sci 58:3385–3393
Wasewar KL, Shende D, Keshav A (2011) Reactive extraction of itaconic acid using quaternary amine aliquat336 in ethyl acetate, toluene, hexane, and kerosene. Ind Eng Chem Res 50:1003–1011
Wee YJ, Ryu HW (2009) Lactic acid production by Lactobacillus sp. RKY2 in a cell-recycle continuous fermentation using lignocellulosic hydrolyzates as inexpensive raw materials. Biores Technol 100:4262–4270
Wee YJ, Kim JN, Yun JS, Ryu HW (2004) Utilization of sugar molasses for economical l (+)-lactic acid production by batch fermentation of Enterococcus faecalis. Enzyme Microb Technol 35:568–573
Wee YJ, Kim JN, Yun JS, Ryu HW (2005) Optimum for the biological production of the lactic acid by a newly isolated lactic acid bacteriaum (LAB), Lactobacillius sp. RKYS2. Biotechnol Bioproc Eng 10:23–28
Wee YJ, Kim JN, Ryu HW (2006) Biotechnological production of lactic acid and its recent applications. Food Technol Biotechnol 44:163–172
Wen C, Zhang J, Zhang H, Dzah CS, Zandile M, Duan Y, Ma H, Luo X (2018) Advances in ultrasound assisted extraction of bioactive compounds from cash crops- a review. Ultrason Sonochem 48:538–549
Wojtyniak B, Kolodziejczyk J, Szaniawska D (2016) Production of lactic acid by ultrafiltration of fermented whey obtained in bioreactor equipped with ZOSS membrane. Chem J Eng 305:28–36
Wu J, Hu Y, Zhou J, Qian W, Lin X, Chen Y, Chen X, Xie J, Bai J, Ying H (2012) Separation of d-lactic acid from aqueous solutions based on the adsorption technology. Colloids Surf A: Physicochem Eng Aspects 407:29–37
Wu H, Wen B, Zhou H, Zhou J, Yu Z, Cui L, Huang T, Cao F (2015) Synthesis and degradability of co-polyesters of 2, 5-furandicarboxylic acid, lactic acid, and ethylene glycol. Polym Degrad Stab 121:100–104
Xiao J, Chen G, Li N (2018) Ionic liquid solutions as a green tool for the extraction and isolation of natural products. Molecules 23:1–23
Xu S, Zheng T, Xu S (2004) The study of refining l-Lactic acid by molecular distillation. J Chem Eng Chin Univ 18:246–249
Xu S, Lan K, Li J, He T, Hu C (2018) Separation of lactic acid from synthetic solutions and the mixture directly derived from corn stover by aqueous two-phase extraction. Sep Purif Technol 204:281–289
Yankov D, Molinier J, Albet J, Malmary G, Kyuchoukov G (2004) Lactic acid extraction from aqueous solutions with tri-n-octylamine dissolved in decanol and dodecanol. Biochem Eng J 21:63–71
Yi SS, Lu YC, Luo GS (2008) Separation and concentration of lactic acid by electro-electrodialysis. Sep Purif Technol 60:308–314
Younas R, Zhang S, Zhang L, Luo G, Chen K, Chen L, Liu Y, Hao S (2016) Lactic acid production from rice straw in alkaline hydrothermal conditions in presence of NiO nanoplates. Catal Today 274:40–48
Zabolotskii V, Sheldeshov N, Melnikov S (2014) Heterogeneous bipolar membranes and their application in electrodialysis. Desalination 342:183–203
Zakhodyayeva YA, Voshkin AA, Belova VV, Kostanyan AE, Kholkin AI (2010) Extraction of lactic acid from technological (concentrated) solutions. Theor Found Chem Eng 44:782–785
Zhang Y, Vadlani PV (2015) Lactic acid production from biomass-derived sugars via co-fermentation of lactobacillus brevis and lactobacillus plantarum. J Biosci Bioeng 119:694–699
Zhang K, Yang ST (2015) In situ recovery of fumaric acid by intermittent adsorption with IRA-900 ion exchange resin for enhanced fumaric acid production by Rhizopus oryzae. Biochem Eng J 96:38–45
Zhang W, Cui C, Hao Z (2010) Transport study of Cu (II) through hollow fiber supported liquid membrane. Chin J Chem Eng 18:48–54
Zhang Y, Hua Y, Wang L, Sun W (2019a) Systematic review of lithium extraction from salt-lake brines via precipitation approaches. Eng Min. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mineng.2019.105868
Zhang YP, Adi VSK, Huang HL, Lin HP, Huang ZH (2019b) Adsorption of metal ions with biochars derived from biomass wastes in a fixed column: adsorption isotherm and process simulation. J Ind Eng Chem 76:240–244
Zhao M, Xu Y, Zhang C, Rong H, Zeng G (2016a) New trends in removing heavy metals from wastewater. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 100:6509–6518
Zhao Z, Xei X, Wang Z, Tao Y, Niu X, Huang X, Liu L, Li Z (2016b) Immobilization of lactobacillus rhamnosus in mesoporous silica-based material: an efficiency continuous cell-recycle fermentation system for lactic acid production. J Biosci Bioeng 121:645–651
Zhou J, Bi W, Row KH (2011) Extraction and separation of D/L-lactic acid in simulated fermentation broth. Korean J Chem Eng 28:1608–1612
Acknowledgements
Authors are grateful to Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology, Longowal, India for providing the lab facilities and all necessary help to perform the related literature survey and research work.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kumar, A., Thakur, A. & Panesar, P.S. Lactic acid and its separation and purification techniques: A review. Rev Environ Sci Biotechnol 18, 823–853 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11157-019-09517-w
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11157-019-09517-w