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Removal of intl1 and associated antibiotics resistant genes in water, sewage sludge and livestock manure treatments

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Abstract

Antibiotics resistant genes (ARGs) are frequently detected in different media, such as wastewater, sewage sludge, and livestock manure. ARGs have been evidenced to have more and more threats to our environment because of their increase in species and total abundances causing more attention especially in horizontal gene transfer (HGT). The integron, an important form of mobile gene elements transfer ARGs through HGT, is demonstrated to have a high risk to human beings, and the class 1 integron (intl1), a predominant integron, is a marker of the process of horizontal gene transfer. Tetracycline, sulfonamides, macrolide, beta-lactam, trimethoprim, and quinolone plasmid-mediated resistance genes, which are frequently detected in various media and different treatment processes, have been reported to have significant correlations with intl1. Considering the risk of ARGs, especially those associated with intl1, the removal of intl1 and associated ARGs from water, sludge and livestock manure has attracted much more attention recently. Therefore, the mechanism and removal of intl1 and associated ARGs in water depth treatment, sludge and livestock manure digestion and composting process are reviewed in this paper. Besides, the limitation of the current study in this field is discussed, and the key points in the future investigation are provided.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51425802 and 51778454), and the Program of Shanghai Subject Chief Scientist (Grant No. 15XD1503400).

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  1. State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China

    Junqi Liao & Yinguang Chen

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Correspondence to Yinguang Chen.

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Liao, J., Chen, Y. Removal of intl1 and associated antibiotics resistant genes in water, sewage sludge and livestock manure treatments. Rev Environ Sci Biotechnol 17, 471–500 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11157-018-9469-y

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