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Transcriptomic and proteomic analysis reveals (E)-2-hexenal modulates tomato resistance against Botrytis cinerea by regulating plant defense mechanism

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Abstract

In a previous study, we observed that (E)-2-hexenal stimulated systemic resistance against B. cinerea in tomato plants. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying (E)-2-hexenal-mediated regulation of systemic immunity against B. cinerea remained unclear. In the current study, the global mechanism underlying (E)-2-hexenal-meidated regulation of biotic stress tolerance in tomato was investigated using RNA-seq- and LC-MS/MS- integrated transcriptomic and proteomic analyses. Compared to control plants, (E)-2-hexenal-treated plants exhibited reduced susceptibility to B. cinerea, with a 50.51% decrease in lesion diameters. Meanwhile, (E)-2-hexenal vapor fumigation significantly increased total phenolic content and activities of various antioxidant enzymes peroxidase (POD), phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), and lipoxygenase (LOX). A total of 233 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 400 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs), respectively, were identified. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis revealed that (E)-2-hexenal treatment markedly affected the expression of genes involved in multiple metabolic pathways, especially glutathione metabolism, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, plant hormone signal transduction, and MAPK signaling pathway. Notably, proteomic analysis revealed modulation of the activities of several defense response proteins, such as pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins (Solyc02g031950.3.1, Solyc02g031920.4.1, and Solyc04g064870.3.1), peroxidases (Solyc06g050440.3.1, Solyc01g105070.3.1, Solyc01g015080.3.1, Solyc03g025380.3.1 and Solyc06g076630.3.1). Our results provide a comprehensive analysis of the effects of (E)-2-hexenal treatment on the transcriptome and proteome of tomato plants, which might be used as a reference in further studies on plant defense responses against pathogens.

Key message

RNA-seq- and LC-MS/MS-integrated transcriptomic and proteomic analysis revealed (E)-2-hexenal-mediated regulation of biotic stress tolerance of tomato.

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Data Availability

Enquiries about data availability should be directed to the authors.

Abbreviations

DEGs:

Differentially expressed genes

DEPs:

Differentially expressed proteins

KEGG:

Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes

POD:

peroxidase

PAL:

Phenylalanine ammonia lyase

SOD:

Superoxide dismutase

COMT:

Caffeic acid O-methyltransferase

CHS:

Chalcone synthase

PRs:

Pathogenesis-related proteins

HPL:

Hydroperoxide lyase

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Funding

This research was supported by Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (No.2019JJ40282), General project of Education Department of Hunan Province (19C0757), and Graduate Scientific Research Innovation Project of Hunan Province (CX20211006).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Hunan Key Laboratory of Economic Crops Genetic Improvement and Integrated Utilization, College of Life Science, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, 411201, China

    Jihong Zhang, Yuqiong Li, Quanwu Liang, Ge Song, Haihua Wang & Mingli Yan

  2. College of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, China

    Shenglong Du

  3. Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, China

    Zhiping Deng

  4. Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA30602, USA

    Xuewen Wang

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  1. Jihong Zhang
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ZJH provided experimental design, supervision and writing original draft, writing -review & editing. LYQ, DSL, LQW and SG performed the experiments and validation. DZP performed methodology and validation. WHH and YML provide experimental design, supervision. WXW provided experimental design, supervision.

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Zhang, J., Li, Y., Du, S. et al. Transcriptomic and proteomic analysis reveals (E)-2-hexenal modulates tomato resistance against Botrytis cinerea by regulating plant defense mechanism. Plant Mol Biol 111, 505–522 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11103-023-01339-3

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