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Effects of different intensities of strength and endurance training on some osteometabolic miRNAs, Runx2 and PPARγ in bone marrow of old male wistar rats

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Abstract

Bone tissue is known as a living dynamic and complex organ in response to physical activity and mechanical loading such as exercise training; thus, the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of different intensities of strength and endurance training on expression of some osteometabolic miRNAs and runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) in bone marrow of old male Wistar rats. To this end, a total number of 50 male Wistar rats (aged 23 months, 438.27 g) were obtained from Pasteur Institute of Iran. The rats were randomized into five groups (10 rats/per group) including moderate endurance training (MET), high-intensity endurance training (HET), moderate-intensity resistance training (MRT), high-intensity resistance training (HRT), and control (CON). The four training groups completed 8 weeks of a training program, 5 days a week, according to the study protocol. To evaluate miR-133a, miR-103a, miR-204, and other adipogenic and osteogenic genes such as RUNX2 and PPARγ via real-time PCR, total RNA including mRNA and miRNA was isolated from the bone marrow. The statistical analysis was then performed using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). No significant differences in miR-133a (p = 0.197), miR-103a (p = 0.302), miR-204 (p = 0.539), RUNX2 (p = 0.960), and PPARγ (P = 0.872) were observed between the intervention groups and the control one. Furthermore, there were no significant differences in bone force (p = 0.641), fracture energy (p = 0.982), stress (p = 0.753), module (p = 0.147), and elongation (p = 0.292) variables between the intervention groups and the control group. Investigating molecular and cellular changes in the bone after such exercises in longer time could provide clearer results about the beneficial or harmful effects of these types of exercises in healthy and passive elderly people.

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Data Availability

All the data generated or analysed during the present study were included in this paper.

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Acknowledgements

The authors expressed their gratitude to Dr. Mahdi Khozaei for his technical support in cellular and molecular analyses.

Authors’ contributions

EB, MF and ABS designed the study. MF, ZH and EB supervised exercise training protocols. EB and ABS supervised laboratory exams and data collection. EB and MF analyzed and interpreted the data. EB, MF and ABS wrote the first draft of the manuscript. MF edited the paper. All the authors contributed to the writing of the paper. They also read and approved the final manuscript.

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Author notes

  1. Zahra Hemati Farsani, Ebrahim Banitalebi, Mohammad Faramarzi and Amin Bigham-Sadegh have contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Sport Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran

    Zahra Hemati Farsani, Ebrahim Banitalebi & Mohammad Faramarzi

  2. Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahr-e-Kord University, Shahr-e-Kord, Iran

    Ebrahim Banitalebi & Amin Bigham-Sadegh

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  1. Zahra Hemati Farsani
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Correspondence to Ebrahim Banitalebi.

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All animal procedures were approved by Animal Ethics Committee (Shahrekord University, Iran) and complied with the Guide for Care and Use of Laboratory Animals.

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Farsani, Z.H., Banitalebi, E., Faramarzi, M. et al. Effects of different intensities of strength and endurance training on some osteometabolic miRNAs, Runx2 and PPARγ in bone marrow of old male wistar rats. Mol Biol Rep 46, 2513–2521 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-019-04695-w

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