Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is identified by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the Substantia Nigra pars compacta (SNpc), and is correlated to aggregates of proteins such as α-synuclein, Lewy’s bodies. Although the PD etiology remains poorly understood, evidence suggests a main role of oxidative stress on this process. Lippia grata Schauer, known as “alecrim-do-mato”, “alecrim-de-vaqueiro”, “alecrim-da-chapada”, is a native bush from tropical areas mainly distributed throughout the Central and South America. This plant species is commonly used in traditional medicine for relief of pain and inflammation conditions, and that has proven antioxidant effects. We evaluated the effects of essential oil of the L. grata after its complexed with β-cyclodextrin (LIP) on PD animal model induced by reserpine (RES). Behavioral assessments were performed across the treatment. Upon completion the treatment, the animals were euthanized, afterwards their brains were isolated and processed for immunohistochemical and oxidative stress analysis. The LIP treatment delayed the onset of the behavior of catalepsy, decreased the number of oral movements and prevented the memory impairment on the novel object recognition task. In addition, the treatment with LIP protected against dopaminergic depletion in the SNpc and dorsal striatum (STRd), and decreased the α-syn immunoreactivity in the SNpc and hippocampus (HIP). Moreover, there was reduction of the oxidative stability index. These findings demonstrated that the LIP treatment has neuroprotective effect in a progressive parkinsonism model, suggesting that LIP could be an important source for novel treatment approaches in PD.
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Data availability
The datasets are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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Acknowledgements
In this study grants and fellowships were supported by Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa no Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP - grant #2015/20785-8, #2015/03354-3, #2018/26609-5 and #2020/09015-4), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq - grant #425694/2016-0, #310403/2021-9 and #408377/2021-6) and Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) – Finance Code 001; Pró-reitoria de Pós-graduação Pesquisa da Universidade Federal de São Paulo (PROPESQ/UNIFESP).
Funding
In this study grants and fellowships were supported by Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa no Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP - grant #2015/20785-8, #2015/03354-3 and #2018/26609-5), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq - grant #425694/2016-0) and Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) – Finance Code 001; Pró-reitoria de Pós-graduação Pesquisa da Universidade Federal de São Paulo (PROPESQ/UNIFESP).
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JIABF and AMR designed the study. JIABF, AMM, SSM, ACC, BS, RHL, JRS performed the experiments and collected the data. JIABF, AMM, LJQJ and AMR analyzed data and wrote the manuscript. JRS, RHL, LJQJ, RHS and AMR contributed with theoretical discussions and technical insights. JIABF, RHL, JRS, RHS, LJQJ and AMR contributed in analysis and writing, and revised the final manuscript. All the authors have read the final manuscript and approved the submission.
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All procedures involving animals were in compliance with the Brazilian law for the use of animals in scientific research (Law number 11.794) of October 8, 2008, Decree 6899 of July 15, 2009, as well as with the rules issued by the National Council for Control of Animal Experimentation (CONCEA), and was approved by the Ethic Committee on Animal Use of the Federal University of Sao Paulo (CEUA/UNIFESP Protocol No. 9407030517/2017) in the meeting of May 22, 2017.
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Beserra-Filho, J.I.A., Maria-Macêdo, A., Silva-Martins, S. et al. Lippia grata essential oil complexed with β-cyclodextrin ameliorates biochemical and behavioral deficits in an animal model of progressive parkinsonism. Metab Brain Dis 37, 2331–2347 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11011-022-01032-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11011-022-01032-2