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Free Radical Scavenging-Related Antioxidant Properties and Inhibitory Activities of Telfairia occidentalis Seed Protein Hydrolysates and Peptide Fractions Against Two key Enzymes Implicated in Diabetes Mellitus

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Abstract

This study aimed to appraise the in vitro antioxidant and antidiabetic activities of protein hydrolysates and peptide fractions obtained from Telfairia occidentalis (T. occidentalis) seeds. The seed protein was extracted and hydrolysed using pepsin (pepTOSPH), alcalase (alcTOSPH) and pancreatin (panTOSPH) according to standard protocols. The pepTOSPH hydrolysate was also fractionated into < 7 and < 10 kDa peptide fractions by ultrafiltration method. T. occidentalis seed protein extract obtained contained 86.50% protein with 18 different amino acids. The degree of hydrolysis by pepTOSPH (56.07 ± 0.07%) and panTOSPH (50.20 ± 1.06%) were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than that of alcTOSPH (47.05 ± 0.14%). Also, the hydrolysates and peptide fractions demonstrated NO and DPPH scavenging activities significantly (p < 0.05) as well as ferric reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP) in concentration-dependent manners. Furthermore, the hydrolysates exhibited a significant (p < 0.05) inhibitory activity against α-amylase with their respective IC50 as pepTOSPH (1.03 mg/mL), panTOSPH (1.20 mg/mL), alcTOSPH (1.31 mg/mL) and α-glucosidase (IC50; pepTOSPH = 0.85 mg/mL; panTOSPH = 1.40 mg/mL; alcTOSPH = 1.58 mg/mL), while peptide fractions demonstrated inhibitory activity against α-amylase with IC50 as < 7 kDa = 0.35 mg/mL and < 10 kDa = 0.75 mg/mL and against α-glucosidase with IC50 as < 7 kDa = 0.37 mg/mL and < 10 kDa = 0.62 mg/mL. The findings from this study indicate that the hydrolysates and its < 7 kDa peptide fraction demonstrated potential antioxidant and antidiabetic activities. Therefore, T. occidentalis seed protein and peptide fractions could be advantageous for the nutraceutical management of diabetes mellitus.

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Data Availability

The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors hereby wish to appreciate the entire management of Afe Babalola University for creating an enabling condition for the success of this study.

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  1. Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, P.M.B 5454, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria

    Olasehinde Oluwaseun Ruth

  2. Department of Biochemistry, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria

    Adeoye Raphael Idowu & Arise Rotimi Olusanya

  3. Department of Chemical Sciences, Biochemistry Programme, College of Science, Afe Babalola University, P.M.B 5454, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria

    Afolabi Olakunle Bamikole

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  1. Olasehinde Oluwaseun Ruth
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OOR and ARO conceptualized the research; Data curation was performed by OOR, ARI and AOB; Formal analysis by all authors; OOR, ARO, ARI and AOB contributed reagents and analytical tools; ARO supervised the study; All authors validated the data; OOR, ARI and AOB drafted original manuscript; All authors reviewed, edited and confirmed authorship of the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Afolabi Olakunle Bamikole.

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Ruth, O.O., Idowu, A.R., Bamikole, A.O. et al. Free Radical Scavenging-Related Antioxidant Properties and Inhibitory Activities of Telfairia occidentalis Seed Protein Hydrolysates and Peptide Fractions Against Two key Enzymes Implicated in Diabetes Mellitus. Int J Pept Res Ther 29, 82 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10989-023-10555-w

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