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Heavy metal adsorptive application of hydrolyzed corn starch

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Abstract

Starch is an abundant natural and renewable carbohydrate polymer, with cation sorption deficiency due to its high crystallinity and amylose content which causes substantive mass transfer resistance during adsorption. Therefore, the present study synthesized polyacrylonitrile grafted starch (graft-starch) that was subjected to heat treatment and saponification reaction to facilitate a partial transformation of the available amide groups (due to copolymer grafting) into carboxylate groups. The reactions afforded the desired polyacrylonitrile-grafted starch hydrogel (‘Poly-g-Hyd’) which was further utilized for zinc ion uptake. It was observed that the polar nitrile (CN) groups of the grafted polyacrylonitrile substantially improved the ‘Poly-g-Hyd’ water absorption capacity and cation binding interaction, as well as entrenched stable network chains that are insoluble in water. The water absorption and zinc ion sorption capacities of 490 g water/g ‘Poly-g-Hyd’ and 508.85 mg/g, were respectively recorded. Furthermore, the optimum adsorption conditions were established at pH 5.0, 20 min and 0.3 g/L, while the Freundlich and pseudo-second-order models provided the best fit to the isotherm and kinetic data, respectively. The study, therefore, demonstrated the effectiveness of ‘Poly-g-Hyd’ in the uptake of aqueous zinc ions.

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Data availability statement

The raw/processed data required to reproduce these findings cannot be shared at this time as the data also forms part of an ongoing study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, P.M.B. 5025, Awka, Nigeria

    Chukwunonso O. Aniagor

  2. Textile Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt

    M. A. Afifi & A. Hashem

Authors
  1. Chukwunonso O. Aniagor
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  2. M. A. Afifi
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  3. A. Hashem
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Correspondence to Chukwunonso O. Aniagor or A. Hashem.

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Aniagor, C.O., Afifi, M.A. & Hashem, A. Heavy metal adsorptive application of hydrolyzed corn starch. J Polym Res 28, 405 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10965-021-02772-y

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