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“Extracellular Polysaccharide Synthesized by the Halophilic Bacterium Salibacterium halochares STm, Isolated from Gypsum Dunes: Production, Physicochemical Characterization and Emulsifying Properties”

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Abstract

This study deals with the characterization of exopolysaccharides (EPS) synthesized by a halophilic bacterium Salibacterium halochares STm recently isolated from saline soil in Cuatro Ciénegas Basin, Coahuila Mexico. S. halochares exhibited an EPS production of 17.38 g/L (at 72 h), using a modified ATCC 2185 culture medium (with yeast extract at 6 g/L and NaCl at 120 g/L). Chemical characterization of the EPS revealed a composition of total sugars, protein, and uronic acids contents of 83.83%, 1.59% and 2.09% (w/w), respectively. The purified EPS showed a molecular weight of 1283 kDa. Rheological studies of the EPS aqueous solutions indicated a non-Newtonian rheological behaviour which was reliably modeled by the Cross equation. The EPS showed high emulsification indexes (EI) against diverse non-polar substances and formed microemulsions with negative high \(\zeta\)-potential values (up to − 46 mV). The viscoelastic behaviour data indicated the high stability of hexane–water (1:1 ratio) emulsions stabilized with EPS. The EPS retained its EI at harsh conditions of pH (4, 6.5, 7 and 12), NaCl (0, 2.0 and 4.0 M) and thermal incubation (up to 40 °C, 60 min). This is the first time that a Salibacterium genus member is reported as an EPS-producer. These results reveal the discovery of a novel polysaccharide with great potential for industrial applications, such as emulsion stabilizer, viscosity modifier and thickener.

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Acknowledgements

MA López-Ortega greatly appreciates the PhD scholarship by CONACyT-México [412346/258212]. Funding: Mexican agencies: CONACyT [INFRA 2014, 230138; INFRA 2015, 254437; INFRA 2016, 269805; CB-2014/239553; CB-2014/238359-Z; ACF 2021, 316558] and Red PRODEP-SEP “Diseño y Caracterización de Películas Alimentarias a base de Biopolímeros y Antimicrobianos Naturales” [2016/2017].

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  1. Mayra Alejandra López-Ortega

    Present address: Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Exhacienda de Aquetzalpa, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Tulancingo de Bravo, Av. Universidad km 1, C.P. 43600, Hidalgo, Mexico

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Ing. Química, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, Blvd. Gral. Marcelino García Barragán 1421, C.P. 44430, Olímpica, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico

    Mayra Alejandra López-Ortega

  2. Cuerpo Académico de Biotecnología Agroalimentaria, Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Exhacienda de Aquetzalpa, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Exhacienda de Aquetzalpa, Tulancingo de Bravo, Av. Universidad km 1, C.P. 43600, Hidalgo, Mexico

    Adriana Inés Rodríguez-Hernández, Norberto Chavarría-Hernández & Ma. del Rocio López-Cuellar

  3. Departamento de Madera, Celulosa y Papel, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, Carretera Guadalajara-Nogales km 15.5, C.P. 45220, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico

    Yolanda González-García

  4. Departamento de Química, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, Blvd. Gral. Marcelino García Barragán 1421, C.P. 44430, Olímpica, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico

    Jesús Córdova

  5. Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, Avenida Normalistas 800, C.P. 44270, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México

    Alejandra Barbachano-Torres & Rosa M. Camacho-Ruíz

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Contributions

LOMA: Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Data Curation, Writing-original Draft & Editing, Visualization. RHAI: Methodology, Writing—Review & Editing, Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Visualization. CHN: Methodology, Writing—Review & Editing, Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Formal analysis. LCMR: Methodology, Writing-review & Editing, Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Formal analysis. GGY: Supervision, resources & Funding acquisition. CJ: Supervision, Conceptualization, Analysis data, Review & Editing. BTA: Supervision. CRRM: Supervision, Project administration & Funding acquisition.

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López-Ortega, M.A., Rodríguez-Hernández, A.I., Chavarría-Hernández, N. et al. “Extracellular Polysaccharide Synthesized by the Halophilic Bacterium Salibacterium halochares STm, Isolated from Gypsum Dunes: Production, Physicochemical Characterization and Emulsifying Properties”. J Polym Environ 30, 2050–2065 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-021-02326-9

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