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Porphyrin Metal-organic Framework Sensors for Chemical and Biological Sensing

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Abstract

Porphyrins and porphyrin derivatives have been intensively explored for a number of applications such as sensing, catalysis, adsorption, and photocatalysis due to their outstanding photophysical properties. Their usage in sensing applications, however, is limited by intrinsic defects such as physiological instability and self-quenching. To reduce self-quenching susceptibility, researchers have developed porphyrin metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), a unique type of hybrid porous coordination polymers comprised of metal ions linked by organic linkers, are gaining popularity. Porphyrin molecules can be integrated into MOFs or employed as organic linkers in the production of MOFs. Porphyrin-based MOFs are a separate branch of the huge MOF family that combines the distinguishing qualities of porphyrins (e.g., fluorescent nature) and MOFs (e.g., high surface area, high porosity) to enable sensing applications with higher sensitivity, specificity, and extended target range. The key synthesis techniques for porphyrin-based MOFs, such as porphyrin@MOFs, porphyrinic MOFs, and composite porphyrinic MOFs, are outlined in this review article. This review article focuses on current advances and breakthroughs in the field of porphyrin-based MOFs for detecting a variety of targets (for example, metal ions, anions, explosives, biomolecules, pH, and toxins). Finally, the issues and potential future uses of this class of emerging materials for sensing applications are reviewed.

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Acknowledgements

The authors greatly appreciate the Chemistry Department at Punjabi University, Patiala, India, Chemistry Department at GSSDGS Khalsa College, Patiala, India, Department of Applied Sciences Chandigarh group of Colleges, Landran.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, G.S.S.D.G.S. Khalsa College, Patiala, Punjab, India

    Rupy Dhir

  2. Department of Applied Sciences, Chandigarh Group of Colleges, Mohali, India

    Manpreet Kaur

  3. Department of Chemistry, Punjabi University, Patiala, 147002, Punjab, India

    Ashok Kumar Malik

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  1. Rupy Dhir
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R.D. and M.K. wrote the main manuscript text, prepare figures and tables, bibliography. A.K.M. gave the main idea of the review paper and guided the manuscript development. All authors reviewed the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Ashok Kumar Malik.

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Highlights

• Porphyrin MOF sensors showed exceptional framework stability.

• Porphyrin MOF sensors exhibit enhanced sensitivity and specificity for broad range of target analytes.

• Recent advances in the field of porphyrin MOF sensors are briefly reviewed.

• Future research ideas that might aid in advancing the field are discussed.

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Dhir, R., Kaur, M. & Malik, A.K. Porphyrin Metal-organic Framework Sensors for Chemical and Biological Sensing. J Fluoresc (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10895-024-03674-0

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