Abstract
The article presented concerns the application of fluorescein as a fluorescent material for anti-counterfeiting technology which will allow the labeling and identification of legitimate articles in the textile field. Fluorescein has been applied to polyester fabrics by microwave irradiation technique in the presence of a UV absorber. Thus, its presence in the textile substrate is detectable following an excitation at a specific wavelength belonging to the Ultra-violet zone, which makes this material very effective for tracking and detecting counterfeit articles. Fluorescent samples are characterized morphologically by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and quantitatively by optical spectroscopy such as reflectance and transmission measurements. The treated samples show under UV light a yellowish green emission with a slight yellow coloration of the polyester fiber. The UV absorber applied to the fluorescent solution improves the light resistance of the treated samples by 25%. Their addition to the bath can also ensure the production of a protective fabric against UV.
Similar content being viewed by others
Availability of Data and Material
The datasets generated during and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
References
Taeyoung K, Sheldon XDT, Chase C, Zeyu S (2018) Detection of counterfeited ICs via on-chip sensor and post-fabrication authentication policy. Integr VLSI J 63:31–40
Hendrick E, Frey M, Herz E, Wiesner U (2010) Cellulose Acetate Fibers with Fluorescing Nanoparticles for Antcounterfeiting and pH-sensing Applications. J Eng Fiber Fabr 5:21–30. https://doi.org/10.1177/155892501000500103
Andres J, Hersch RD (2014) Color reproduction of authenticable luminescent backlit transmissive color image. Color Res Appl 39:331–340. https://doi.org/10.1002/col.21815
Minli Y, Junjie Z, Yuan H, Zhenfeng D, Min L, Feng X (2015) Inkjet printing of upconversion nanoparticles for anti-counterfeit applications. Nanoscale 7:4423–4431. https://doi.org/10.1039/C4NR06944G
Xiaowan L, Yingcheng H (2019) Luminescent films functionalized with cellulose nanofibrils/CdTequantumdots for anti-counterfeiting applications. Carbohyd Polym 203:167–175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.09.028
Chang K, Liu Z, Chen H, Sheng L, Zhang SX, Chiu DT, Yin T, Wu C, Qin W (2014) Conjugated polymer dots for ultra-stable full-color fluorescence patterning. Small 10:4270–4275
Hongren L, Xingjia G, Jun L, Feng L (2016) A synthesis of fluorescent starch based on carbon nanoparticles for fingerprints detection. Opt Mater 16:404–410. https://doi.org/10.1016/2Fj.optmat.2016.08.010
Sergii K, Yu W, Kateřina P, Radek Z (2018) Carbon dot fluorescence life time encoded anti-counterfeiting. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 10:29902–29908. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.8b11663
Bin S, Houyu W, Yiling Z, Binbin C, Yuanyuan S, Yao H (2018) Fluorescent and magnetic anticounterfeiting realized by biocompatible multifunctional silicon nanoshuttle-based security ink. Nanoscale 10:1617–1621. https://doi.org/10.1039/C7NR06337G
Julien A, Roger DH, Jacques-Edouard M, Anne-Sophie C (2014) A new anti-counterfeiting feature relying on invisible luminescent full color images printed with lanthanide based inks. Adv Funct Mater 24:5029–5036. https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201400298
Miao Z, Peng X, Xiaohua G, Zongren L, Mingming G, Bowen C (2010) Synthesis, characterization and fluorescence properties of a novel rare earth complex for anti-counterfeiting material. J Rare Earth 10:75–78. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1002-0721(10)60359-6
Zhao Z, Hui C, Bailiang X, Sufeng Z, Xinping L, Wai-Kwok W, Kecheng L, Xunjin Z (2018) Near-infrared and visible dual emissive transparent nanopaper based on Yb(III)–carbon quantum dots grafted oxidized nano fibrillated cellulose for anti-counterfeiting applications. Cellulose 25:377–389. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10570-017-1594-1
Pinchuk LS, Goldade VA, Kuz´menkova NV, Sytsko VE, Lobanovskii LS, Drozd ES, (2013) Modification of polyester fibers for protection of securities. Fibre Chem 44:273–279
Goldade VA, Kuzmenkova NV, Sytsko VE (2015) Coloration of Polyester Fibers for Securities Protection from Counterfeit. J Res Updates Polym Sci 12:15–23. https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-5995.2015.04.01.2
Jianbin L, Yixi Z, Le W, Tianliang Z, Naoto H, Rong-Jun X (2018) Achieving multicolor long lived luminescence in dye encapsulated metal-organic frameworks and its application to anti-counterfeiting stamps. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 10:1802–1809. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.7b13486
Gordon N (2002) Application of microencapsulation in textiles. Int J Pharm 242:55–62. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0378-5173(02)00141-2
Denis D, Denis C, Jean-Jacques P (2012) Traçabilité et authentification des produits textiles dans la filière THD. France
Jishu Z, Mingqiao G (2011) Effecting factors of the emission spectral characteristics of rare-earth strontium aluminate for anti-counterfeiting application. J Lumin 131:1765–1769. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jlumin.2011.04.021
Jishu Z, Mingqiao G (2012) Effects of transparent inorganic pigment on spectral properties of spectrum-fingerprint anti-counterfeiting fiber containing rare earth. J Rare Earth 31:952–957. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1002-0721(12)60160-4
Qiao X, Yan B (2009) Chemically bonded assembly and photophysical properties of luminescent hybrid polymeric materials embedded into silicon-oxygen network and carbon unit. J Organomet Chem 694:3232. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jorganchem.2009.06.019
Xi P, Wang L, Huang X (2005) Synthesis and characterization of Eu3+ quaternary complex with 2,2-dihydroxymethyl propionic acid. J Chin Rare Earth Soc (in Chin) 23
Gilmar PT, Hermi FB, Sandra AS, Maria ASO, Maria CFCF (2003) Preparation and optical properties of trivalent europium doped into cordierite using the sol-gel process. J Solid State Chem 171:375–381. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-4596(02)00216-5
Thomas AR, Florestan B, Michael SR (2013) Fluorescein derivatives in intravital fluorescence imaging. Cells 2:591–606. https://doi.org/10.3390/2Fcells2030591
Ghulam S, Aamer S, Pervaiz AC (2018) Review on the Recent Trends in Synthetic Strategies and Applications of Xanthene Dyes. Mini-Rev Org Chem 14:1–32. https://doi.org/10.2174/1570193X14666170518130008
Ghini G, Tron C, Giannetti A, Puleo GL, Luconi L, Amadou J, Giambastiani G, Baldini G (2013) Carbon nanotubes modified with fluorescein derivatives for pH nanosensing. Sens Actuator B-Chem 179:163–169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2012.10.022
Luke DL, Thomas JR, Ronald TR (2007) Tuning the pKa of fluorescein to optimize binding assays. Anal Chem 79:6775–6782. https://doi.org/10.1021/ac070907g
Fereshteh N, Ali F, Farrokh G (2014) Solvatochromic and preferential solvation of fluorescein in some water-alcoholic mixed solvents. J Mol Liq 90:126–132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2013.10.028
Baatout K, Saad F, Baffoun A, Mahltig B, Kreher D, Jaballah N, Majdoub M (2019) Luminescent cotton fibers coated with fluorescein dye for anti-counterfeiting applications. Int J Mater Chem Phys 234:304–310. https://www.cheric.org/research/tech/periodicals/doi.php?art_seq=1773559
Thermo Fisher Scientific (2010) Molecular Probes™ handbook a guide to fluorescent probes and labeling technologies. US
Miljkovic M, Djordjevic D, Miljkovic V, Stamenkovic M, Stepanovic J (2014) The influence of pH adjusted with different acids on the dyeability of polyester fabric. Pol J Chem Technol 16:1–4. https://doi.org/10.2478/pjct-2014-0061
Kappe CO, Dallinger D (2009) Controlled microwave heating in modern organic synthesis: highlights from the 2004–2008 literature. Mol Divers 13:71–193. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11030-009-9138-8
Erhan Ö, Yeşim B, Nihal S (2013) Microwave-assisted dyeing of poly(butylene terephthalate) fabrics with disperse dyes. Color Technol 129:125–130. https://doi.org/10.1111/cote.12014
Al-Mousawi SM, El-Apasery MA, Elnagdi MH (2013) Microwave Assisted Dyeing of Polyester Fabrics with Disperse Dyes. Molecules 18:11033–11043. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules180911033
Choudhury AKR (2011) Pre-treatment and preparation of textile materials prior to dyeing. Clark M Handbook of textile and industrial dyeing. Woodhead Publishing, India, pp 64–149
Lingzhi W, Yaofeng S, Jinlong Z, Masakazu A (2016) Study on the fluorescence properties of fluorescein dye incorporated into SBA-15. Opt Mater 28:1232–1234. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optmat.2005.08.005
Christie RM (2011) fluorescent dyes. Clark M Handbook of textile and industrial dyeing. Woodhead Publishing, UK, pp 562–587
Azizul I, Rashaduzzaman , Mahbubur R, Jagannath B, Elias K (2016) A study on the effects of material to liquor ratio on the colorfastness of synolon yellow EXW fluorescent disperse Dye. Int J Mater Sci App 5:248–253. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmsa.20160506.13
Gulrajani ML (2011) Disperse dyes. Clark M Handbook of textile and industrial dyeing. Woodhead Publishing, Delhi, India, pp 365–394
Lakowicz JR (2006) Quenching of Fluorescence. In: Springer B (ed) Principles of Fluorescence Spectroscopy, 3rd. MA, USA, pp 277–330
Lakowicz JR (2006) Fluorophores. In: Principles of fluorescence spectroscopy 3rd ed
Das BR, Ishtiaque SM, Rengasamy RS, Hati S, Kumar A (2010) Ultraviolet Absorbers for Textiles. Res J Text Appar 14:42–50. https://doi.org/10.1108/RJTA-14-01-2010-B005
Gantz GM, Sumner WG (1957) Stable ultraviolet light absorbers. Textile Res J 27:244–251. https://doi.org/10.1177/2F004051755702700310
Holme I (2003) UV absorbers for protection and performance. Int Dyer 189:9–10
Rupp J, Bohringer A, Yonenaga A, Hilden J (2001) Textiles for protection against harmful ultraviolet radiation. Int Text Bull 6:8–20
Kirti G, Asimananda K, Bijayalaxmi S (2018) Developing eco-friendly uv protective textiles based on plant extract. JETIR 5:461–468
Omer KA, Zhao T (2017) Developing UV protection of cotton fabric (a review). J Text Inst 108(12):2027–2039. https://www.researchgate.net/deref/http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1080%2F00405000.2017.1311201
Mallik SK, Arora T (2003) UV radiations: problems and remedies. Man Made Text India 46:164–169
Saravanan D (2007) UV Protection Textile Materials. AUTEX Res J 7:53–62
Liang H, Guoliang G, Harold SF, Wei J, Meifen C, Defeng Z (2010) Studies involving reactive dyes containing a benzophenone ultraviolet absorber. Color Technol 127:47–54
Acknowledgements
The Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research of Tunisia supported this study. The author would like to express sincere gratitude to the direction and the staff of Faculty Textile and Clothing Technology in Monchengladbach for their support and help.
Funding
The authors did not receive support from any organization for the submitted work.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by all authors. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Fredj Saad and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Ethics Approval
All the authors mentioned in this manuscript have agreed for authorship, read and approved the manuscript.
Financial Interests
The authors declare they have no financial interests.
Consent to Participate
All authors given consent for participation.
Consent for Publication
All authors have given their consent for the subsequent publication of the manuscript.
Conflicts of Interest/Competing Interests
The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare that are relevant to the content of this article.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
SAAD, F., BAFFOUN, A., MAHLTIG, B. et al. Polyester Fabric with Fluorescent Properties Using Microwave Technology for Anti-Counterfeiting Applications. J Fluoresc 32, 327–345 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10895-021-02845-7
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10895-021-02845-7