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Hydrobiogeochemistry of Two Catchments in Brazil Under Forest Recovery in an Environmental Services Payment Program

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Abstract

We investigated the fluvial geochemistry of two catchments at different stages in the forest recovery process which have been a focus of an Environmental Services Payment (ESP) program in Brazil. The Posses (PS) and Salto de Cima (SC) catchments (1200 ha and 1500 ha, respectively) are situated in the municipality of Extrema, Minas Gerais state. Their streams flow into the Jaguari River that supplies part of the water demand of the São Paulo metropolitan area. Samples were collected for chemical analysis and physical-chemical field measures every 2 weeks from January to December 2017. An important pollution point source was discovered in the PS stream related to bovine urine and feces, as well another unidentified source that can be related to a small food processing industry and/or a small fish farm. At the SC stream, on the other hand, there was clear evidence of domestic sewage input. This preliminary study confirmed a limited improvement of the stream water quality in response to recovery of the forest vegetation. Therefore, we recommend that in addition to enhanced monitoring to help distinguish biogeochemical sources and the benefits of land conservation practices, the ESP program should consider controlling point source pollution to accomplish its purpose.

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Acknowledgments

We appreciate the support given by Embrapa technicians Paulo Rossi in the field activities as well as Dagmar Oliveira and Melissa Baccan in the laboratory. This work was supported by the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development, CNPq [grant numbers 401178/2014-15, 146107/2016-0, 150142/2015-3, 150043/2016-3]; São Paulo Research Foundation, FAPESP [grant numbers 2016/02890-1, 2016/20335-5]; and Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, EMBRAPA [grant number 02.14.21.002].

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Correspondence to Ricardo de Oliveira Figueiredo.

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de Oliveira Figueiredo, R., Martins Simioli, M., de Varela Utsuni Camargo Jesus, T. et al. Hydrobiogeochemistry of Two Catchments in Brazil Under Forest Recovery in an Environmental Services Payment Program. Environ Monit Assess 193, 3 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-020-08773-6

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