Abstract
Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are nanoscale renewable resources derived from lignocellulosic materials. They are known for their good optical permeability and self-assembly capability. Over the years, researchers have made great progress in developing CNC based structural color materials. However, their inherent brittleness limits their usage in applications such as optical sensors, food freshness testing, and flexible materials. To overcome these challenges, researchers have conducted extensive research to enhance the mechanical properties of CNCs, particularly their flexibility, and have achieved significant results. Creating flexible CNC based hand-shaped phase series films is a current research focus, but there are few reviews on this topic. To address this gap, the present review summarizes the primary strategies and recent research advances made in the last five years to improve the flexibility of CNC chiral phase series-type films. Furthermore, the present review provides deep insight into the various approaches to enhance the flexibility of CNCs, including polymer grafting, the introduction of small molecule additives, and co-assembly with added polymers. In addition, a detailed analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of these materials has been discussed briefly. Future research directions for developing flexible nanocellulose materials with structural color are outlined briefly.
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Reproduced from Huang et al. (2020) with permission of Elsevier. C Schematic illustrations of the mechanism for dynamic structural color change of chameleon. D Stress–strain curves of CNC/PEGDA 5 films prepared under different UV irradiation times. Inset showing the flower woven with CNC/PEGDA 5-t15 strips. Reproduced from Zhang et al. (2020) with permission of ACS Publications. E Co-assembly process of the CNC-based composite films, including the assembly of PEG and PBD-PEGE with CNC and orientation of CNC into chiral nematic cholesteric PC films Reproduced from
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Acknowledgements
The Deanship of Scientific Research at King Khalid University is greatly appreciated for funding this work under grant number (R.G.P-1/284/44).
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The authors would like to thank for the research that was supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF), funded by the Ministry of Education (2020R1I1A3052258).
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Raja Venkatesan: Investigation, Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Writing—original draft. Thulasidhas Dhilipkumar: Investigation, Writing—original draft. Abdullah G. Al-Sehemi: Investigation, Writing—review & editing. Yedluri Anil Kumar: Formal analysis, Writing—review & editing. Seong-Cheol Kim: Supervision, Project administration, Funding acquisition, Writing—review & editing.
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Venkatesan, R., Dhilipkumar, T., Al-Sehemi, A.G. et al. Recent advances in structural color materials based on flexible cellulose nanocrystals. Cellulose 31, 4681–4708 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-024-05893-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-024-05893-x