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Association of physical weight statuses defined by body mass index (BMI) with molecular subtypes of premenopausal breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Abstract

Background and purpose

The association between overweight/obesity and postmenopausal breast cancer has been proven. However, uncertainty exists regarding the association between physical weight statuses and premenopausal breast cancer subtypes. This study aimed to explore the association of body weight statuses with molecular subtypes of premenopausal breast cancer.

Method

A systematic search of Medline, PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science was performed. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS) and the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal tools were used to evaluate the quality of the literature. STATA and R software were used to analyze the extracted data.

Result

The meta-analysis included 35 observational studies with a total of 41,049 premenopausal breast cancer patients. The study showed that the proportion of underweight patients was 4.8% (95% CI = 3.9–5.8%, P = 0.01), overweight was 29% (95%CI = 27.1–30.9%, P < 0.01), obesity was 17.8% (95% CI = 14.9–21.2%, P < 0.0001), and normal weight was 51.6% (95% CI = 46.7–56.5%, P < 0.0001). The pooled results showed that in comparison to the normal weight group, being physically underweight is related to a 1.44-fold risk (OR = 1.44, 95%CI = 1.28–1.63, P < 0.0001) of HER2 + breast cancer. Overweight is related to a 1.16-fold risk (OR = 1.16, 95%CI = 1.06–1.26, P = 0.002) of TNBC and a 16% lower risk (OR = 0.84, 95%CI = 0.75–0.93, P = 0.001) of ER + breast cancer. When compared to underweight/normal weight populations, both overweight (OR = 0.74, 95%CI = 0.56–0.97, P = 0.032) and obesity (OR = 0.70, 95%CI = 0.50–0.98, P = 0.037) can reduce the risk of ER + PR + breast cancer.

Conclusion

In the premenopausal breast cancer population, the distribution of patients’ numbers with different weight statuses was significantly distinct among the various breast cancer subtypes. Additionally, the associations between physical weight statuses and the risk of premenopausal breast cancer subtypes are divergent.

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Data availability

Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no datasets were generated or analyzed during the current study.

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Acknowledgements

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Funding

This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medical, Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, 461 Bayi Avenue, Donghu District, Nanchang City, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China

    Xuchu Li

  2. Department of General Medical, People’s Hospital of Fu City, Yan’an, 727505, Shaanxi Province, China

    Jinping Li

  3. College of Food Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, Jiangxi Province, China

    Qirui Hu & Fang Chen

  4. Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China

    Xu Zhang & Fang Chen

Authors
  1. Xuchu Li
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  2. Jinping Li
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  3. Qirui Hu
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  4. Xu Zhang
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  5. Fang Chen
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Contributions

Conceptualization: XL and QH. Data curation: XL and XZ. Formal analysis: XL and XZ. Funding acquisition: XL and FC. Investigation: XL and FC. Methodology: JL and FC. Project administration: JL and FC. Software: JL and FC. Supervision: JL and FC. Validation: XZ and QH. Visualization: XL and QH. Writing of the original draft: XL, JL, QH, XZ, and FC. Writing, reviewing, and editing of the manuscript: XL, JL, QH, XZ and FC.

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Correspondence to Fang Chen.

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Li, X., Li, J., Hu, Q. et al. Association of physical weight statuses defined by body mass index (BMI) with molecular subtypes of premenopausal breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Breast Cancer Res Treat 203, 429–447 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-023-07139-z

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