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Abnormal Structural Network Communication Reflects Cognitive Deficits in Schizophrenia

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Abstract

Schizophrenia has long been thought to be a disconnection syndrome and several previous studies have reported widespread abnormalities in white matter tracts in individuals with schizophrenia. Furthermore, reductions in structural connectivity may also impair communication between anatomically unconnected pairs of brain regions, potentially impacting global signal traffic in the brain. Therefore, we used different communication models to examine direct and indirect structural connections (polysynaptic) communication in large-scale brain networks in schizophrenia. Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging scans were acquired from 62 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia and 35 controls. In this study, we used five network communication models including, shortest paths, navigation, diffusion, search information and communicability to examine polysynaptic communication in large-scale brain networks in schizophrenia. We showed less efficient communication between spatially widespread brain regions particulary encompassing cortico-subcortical basal ganglia network in schizophrenia group relative to controls. Then, we also examined whether reduced communication efficiency was related to clinical symptoms in schizophrenia group. Among different measures of communication efficiency, only navigation efficiency was associated with global cognitive impairment across multiple cognitive domains including verbal learning, processing speed, executive functions and working memory, in individuals with schizophrenia. We did not find any association between communication efficiency measures and positive or negative symptoms within the schizophrenia group. Our findings are important for improving our mechanistic understanding of neurobiological process underlying cognitive symptoms in schizophrenia.

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Funding

This work was supported by Research Fund of Izmir Katip Celebi University (Project Number: 2018-GAP-TIPF-0003) which had no role in the design of the study, collection and analysis of data and decision to publish. Research Fund of Izmir Katip Celebi University, 2018-GAP-TIPF-0003

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychiatry, Katip Celebi University, Ataturk Education and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey

    Nabi Zorlu, Adem Bayrakçı, Merve Karakılıç, Funda Gülyüksel & Elif Oral

  2. Department of Psychiatry, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Carlton South, VIC, Australia

    Andrew Zalesky, Caio Seguin, Ye Tian & Emre Bora

  3. Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

    Andrew Zalesky

  4. Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA

    Caio Seguin

  5. Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Health Sciences, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey

    Berna Yalınçetin & Emre Bora

  6. Department of Radiodiagnostics, Katip Celebi University, Ataturk Education and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey

    Fazıl Gelal

  7. Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey

    Emre Bora

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  1. Nabi Zorlu
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  2. Adem Bayrakçı
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  8. Berna Yalınçetin
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Contributions

NZ, EO,MK and EB designed the study and wrote the protocol. AB, FG, BY and FG collected data. Authors NZ, AZ, CS and YT undertook the statistical analysis, and author N.Z wrote the first draft of the manuscript. All authors contributed to and have approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Nabi Zorlu.

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Zorlu, N., Bayrakçı, A., Karakılıç, M. et al. Abnormal Structural Network Communication Reflects Cognitive Deficits in Schizophrenia. Brain Topogr 36, 294–304 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10548-023-00954-z

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