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A novel compatible truss-arch model to predict shear strength of concrete-encased steel composite columns

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Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Concrete-encased steel (CES) composite columns, in which a steel shape is encased in a reinforced concrete (RC) section, have been widely applied in high-rise buildings as primary load-carrying members. However, CES columns with low shear span-to-depth ratio are prone to brittle shear failure under earthquake excitation, which is highly concerned by researchers and code-writers. In current design codes, formulas for predicting the shear strength of CES columns are based on the so-called “superposition method,” indicating that the shear strength can be obtained by superimposing the shear strengths of the RC part and the steel shape. Nevertheless, this method yields errors on the unsafe side because the shear strengths of these two parts cannot be achieved simultaneously. In this paper, a novel compatible truss-arch model is proposed, in which the shear contribution of the RC part is obtained using the traditional truss-arch model and that of the steel shape is determined by plasticity theory. Considering the deformation compatibility between the steel shape and the RC part, these two parts are coordinated to predict the shear strength of CES columns. Finally, a database is built using the test results consisting of 39 CES columns to compare the proposed model with current design formulas. The results indicate that the proposed model can reasonably predict the shear strength of CES columns, and the calculation methods from the codes AISC 360, Eurocode 4, AS/NZS 2327, and JGJ 138 are all inferior in the calculation accuracy due to the lack of compatibility condition.

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Data availability

Some or all data, models, or code that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

Abbreviations

A g :

Gross cross-sectional area of column

A si :

Total area of distributed reinforcement at spacing si in the i-th direction of reinforcements crossing a strut at an angle αi to the axis of a strut

A sv :

Cross-sectional area of tie ribs

A sw :

Cross-sectional area of steel web

b :

Column width

c a :

Sectional height of compressive arch

d :

Distance from center of compressive rebar to that of tensile rebar

E c :

Elastic modulus of concrete

E s :

Elastic modulus of steel

f c :

Compressive strength of concrete

f y :

Yield strength of steel web

f ys :

Yield strength of ties

h :

Cross-sectional height of column

K RC :

Shear stiffness of RC part

K ss :

Shear stiffness of steel part

L :

Column length

N :

Applied axial compression

n :

Design axial compression ratio

s :

Spacing of adjacent ties

α :

ES/Ec

β s :

Softening factor of concrete

ρ sl :

The ratio of tensile reinforcements

ρ sv :

Ratio of transverse reinforcements

θ :

Angle between concrete compressive strut and column axis

θ c :

Plastic rotation angle

φ :

Arch inclination

Δf , RC :

Flexure deformation of RC part

Δ s , RC :

Shear deformation of RC part

Δ fs :

Flexure deformation of encased steel

Δ ss :

Shear deformation of encased steel

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Acknowledgements

This research is sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 52108172) and the Research Program of the Key Laboratory of Concrete and Pre-stressed Concrete Structures of the Ministry of Education (Grant No. CPCSME2020-07). The financial support is highly appreciated.

Funding

This research is sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 52108172) and the Research Program of the Key Laboratory of Concrete and Pre-stressed Concrete Structures of the Ministry of Education (Grant No. CPCSME2020-07).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Civil Engineering, Xi’an University of Architecture & Technology, Xi’an, 710055, Shaanxi, China

    Yicong Xue, Chongxin Shang, Yong Yang & Yunlong Yu

  2. Key Lab of Structural Engineering and Earthquake Resistance of the Ministry of Education, Xi’an University of Architecture & Technology, Xi’an, 710055, Shaanxi, China

    Yicong Xue, Yong Yang & Yunlong Yu

  3. New Era(Xi’an) Design Engineering Co., Ltd, Xi’an, 710018, Shaanxi, China

    Zhanjie Wang

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  1. Yicong Xue
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by Yicong Xue, Chongxin Shang, Yong Yang, Yunlong Yu and Zhanjie Wang. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Yicong Xue and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Yicong Xue.

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Xue, Y., Shang, C., Yang, Y. et al. A novel compatible truss-arch model to predict shear strength of concrete-encased steel composite columns. Bull Earthquake Eng 20, 7263–7285 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-022-01490-0

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