Abstract
The tremendous expansion of Chinese abalone production has not been without challenges such as low salinity stress, which may occur during severe summer rainstorms and typhoon events. Interspecific hybrids have, however, been of great use to the aquaculture industry in withstanding environmental stresses. This study adopted the non-invasive method of measuring heart rate to monitor the cardiac performance of the Pacific abalone and two of its interspecific hybrids during the incidence of continuous salinity decrease. The results showed that low salinity significantly influences the heart rate of abalone. Fluctuation in the abalone’s heartbeat suggests a pattern with three phases and two breakpoints of salinity (BOS1 and BOS2). BOS1 represents an isosmotic point, and BOS2 represents lethal salinity. We argue that relatively lower BOS suggests better tolerance to low salinity, and long-term exposure to salinities around BOS2 could be detrimental to all three species. The hybrid H. discus hannai ♀ x H. fulgens ♂ (DF) recorded the lowest BOS1 and BOS2, which was also significantly different (P = 0.01) from DD at BOS1, suggesting a better tolerance potential for low salinities than the other species. Altogether, our data establish species-specific BOS and reveal the cardiac mechanism by which abalone responds to low salinity. The results confirm that the non-invasive heart rate detection method could likewise be adopted to define critical salinities for abalone, and hybridization could be a potential method to breed the more stress-resilient aquatic animals.
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Funding
This work was supported by the Chinese Government Marine Scholarship (2018SOA015946), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2018YFD0901401), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31872564), and the Fujian Provincial S & T Project (2019N0001 and 2020NZ08003).
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Experiment conceptualization and design: Caihuan Ke, Weiwei You, and Grace Afumwaa Boamah. Acquisition of animals, materials, and software for experiment setup and data collection: Xuan Luo, Caihuan Ke, Weiwei You, Feng Yu, and Yawei Shen. Experiment, data collection and analysis, and writing of the first draft manuscript: Grace Afumwaa Boamah. Manuscript revision and preparation of the final draft: Caihuan Ke, Weiwei You, Xuan Luo, Changan Xu, and Grace Afumwaa Boamah.
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All of the methods and animals were approved and performed in agreement with the instructions of the Laboratory Animal Management and Ethics Committee of Xiamen University.
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We declare that we have no financial and personal relationships with other people or organizations that can inappropriately influence our work. There is no professional or other personal interest of any nature or kind in any product, service, or company that could be construed as influencing the position presented in, or the review of, the manuscript entitled, “Fluctuations in the heart rate of abalone in response to low salinity stress.”
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Boamah, G.A., Yu, F., Shen, Y. et al. Fluctuations in the heart rate of abalone in response to low salinity stress. Aquacult Int 30, 173–186 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-021-00790-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-021-00790-7